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Define: Fatty Acid, Triacylglycerol, Triglycerides, glycerol, phospholipid, steroid,
- Fatty acid: building block for most lipids, long carbon chain ending with carboxylic
- Tryiacylglycerol: aka triglycerides - built of glycerol attached to 3 fatty acids by thier carboxylic groups (fxn to store energy, insulate, and pad)
- Glycerol: 3 carbon backbone
- Phospholipid: glycerol backbone with a phosphate group in place of a fatty acid
- Steroid: four ringed hydrophobic molecule.
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number of essential amino acids in humans
10
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disulfide bonds occur between which amino acids
cysteine because of terminal -SH froup
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define: carbohydrate, glucose (alpha vs beta), glycogen, starch, cellulose
- Carbohydrate: made from water and carbon with empirical formula C(H2O). 5-6 C are most common
- Glucose: 6 carbon carb and is most common in cellular absorbtion. ALpha= hydroxyl on C1 (anomeric C) and methoxy (on C6) are on opposite sides of ring. Beta= hydroxyl and methoxy are same. Humans use Alpha, Bacteria use B
- Glycogen: polysaccharide composed of glucose for energy storage consisting of branched glucose polymer with alpha linkage. typically in muscle and liver
- Starch: form of glucose storage in plants, alpha linkage
- Cellulose: form of glucose storage in plants with beta linkage
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Define: acetyl CoA and products of formation
product of pyruvate formed once pyruvate enters the mitochondrial matrix. NADH and CO2 are products of its formation
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What are the reactants and products of the Krebs (and other name) cylce?
- reactants = Glucose --> 2x pyruvate
- product = [1 ATP, 3 NADH, 1FADH2, (CO2)2]/turn
- citric acid cycle
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Glycolysis and Aerobic respiration produce __ amount of ATP.
1 NADH makes __ ATP, 1 FADH2 makes __
__ amount of NADH, ATP, and FADH2 are made in each turn of krebs cycle
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Main reactants, products, and location of glycolysis
- Reactants= Glucose 1ATP
- Product = [NADH, 2ATP, Pyruvate]/glucose
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