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What are the 2 different types of rope?
Utility rope and life safety rope
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Which NFPA standard governs the design, construction, and performance criteria of ropes?
NFPA 1983
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What is life safety rope used for?
Solely for supporting people
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What is utility rope used for?
In most cases where supporting a person is not necessary
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What are the 6 advantages to using synthetic fiber ropes?
- Thinner without sacrificing strength
- Less absorbent than natural fiber ropes
- Greater resistance to rotting and mildew
- Longer-lasting than natural fiber ropes
- Greater strength and added safety
- Some are more fire-retardant than natural fiber ropes
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What are the 3 different construction methods of rope?
Braided, twisted, and kernmantle
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Describe twisted rope
Also known as laid rope, natural or synthetic fibers are twisted into strands which are then twisted to make rope
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Describe braided rope
Also known as braid on braid, strands are woven similar to braiding hair. Fibers stretch and all the strands are exposed to abrasion.
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Describe kernmantle rope
Kern is the center core, which is composed of continuous fibers from one end of the rope to the other. The kern accounts for 70% of the rope's overall strength. The mantle is the sheath-like covering that protects the kern from dirt and abrasion. Both kern and mantle are made of synthetic fibers.
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Describe dynamic ropes
Designed to be elastic, generally used by mountain climbers, constructed with overlapping or woven fibers. When loaded, the fibers pull tighter and the rope stretches.
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Describe static rope
Will not stretch under load and is more suitable for rescue situations. Constructed with fibers parallel to each other which have little elasticity and limited elongation.
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List the 4 parts of rope maintenance
Care, clean, inspect, and store.
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What is the working end of a rope?
The part used in forming knots.
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What is the running end of a rope?
The part used in lifting or hoisting.
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What is the standing part of a rope?
The part between the running and working ends.
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What is a bight?
A reverse in direction which forms a U-bend
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What is a loop?
A circle in the rope
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What is a round turn?
A circle in the rope with parallel ends.
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What are the basic fire service knots?
- Safety (overhand) knot
- Half hitch
- Clove hitch
- Figure eight
- Figure eight on a bight
- Figure eight follow-through
- Figure eight bend
- Becket bend
- Reef (square) knot
- Timber hitch
- Chimney hitch
- Prussik (double fisherman)
- Water knot
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What are hitches used for?
Wrapping around an object; used to secure the working end of a rope to a solid object or to tie a rope to an object prior to hoisting it.
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What are loop knots used for?
To form a loop in the end of a rope, may be used to hoist tools, secure a person, or identify the end of a stored rope. Will not easily slip but are easy to untie.
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What are bends used for?
To tie two ropes together. Water knot is used to join webbing together, Becket bend is used to secure two ropes of dissimilar diameter or a rope to chain, and a square knot is used to tie two ropes of equal diameter together.
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What 2 things are necessary to consider before hoisting an object?
- Object must be properly secured
- Personnel have to be able to quickly remove the object
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