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Alzheimer's

  1. Alzheimer's
    Another name for Alzheimer's?
    • *AD
    • *Senile Dementia
  2. Alzheimer's
    Cause of the disease?
    • *Degeneration of nerve cells
    • *loss of neurons
  3. Alzheimer's
    Who does Alzheimer's effect?
    *It can effect anybody!
  4. Alzheimer's
    Early signs and symptoms?
    • 1)Forgetfulness
    • -Appointments, things from night before etc.
    • 2)Mood changes
    • -easily tempered
    • 3)Impaired attention
    • -Grooming, judgments
    • 4)Hygiene Changes
    • -showers, bath, combing hair
    • 5)Pranoia
    • 6) Nothing is their fault
  5. Alzheimer's
    Later signs and symptoms?
    • 1) Gait and disturbances
    • -brain's ability to coordinate walking
    • 2)Lack of recognition
    • -loss of family and friends memory
    • 3)Incontinence
    • -void, bowel
    • 4)Sundowning
    • -don't know why it happens, can't tell the difference between day and night
  6. Alzheimer's
    Things that MAY prevent the disease?
    • *Vitamins
    • *Satins
    • *Estrogen
    • *Anti-Inflammatory drugs
    • **NONE HAVE BEEN PROVEN TO ACTUALLY WORK**
  7. Alzheimer's
    Risk factors of the disease?
    • *Age
    • -however can be developed from as early as 40!
    • *Heredity
    • *Low education
    • -Keep your brain active (crossword puzzle etc. may help)
  8. Alzheimer's
    Ways to diagnosis Alzheimer's
    • 1) Extensive History
    • -from there friends and family (not them their self)
    • 2)Screening: diagnosis of exclusion
    • -if you cant find anything else wrong with them
    • 3)MMSE-Mini Mental Status Exam
    • 4)Clock Drawing task
    • 5)ADOS-Cog
    • 6)Lab test
    • 7)imaging studies
  9. Alzheimer's
    Describe stages 1-3 of Alzheimer's
    • 1)-No impairment
    • -No diagnosis of disease
    • 2)- Very mild cognitive decline
    • -memory relapse
    • -may be normal result of ageing, no evidence of disease
    • 3)-Mild cognitive decline
    • -loved ones see lack ability to find right words
    • -hard time remembering names, planning
    • -difficulty in task in social or work settings.
  10. Alzheimer's
    Describe stages 4of Alzheimer's
    • 4)-Moderate cognitive decline
    • -shows early stage of Alzheimer's
    • -Increasing difficulty w/ complex task, finances, personal history
    • -May see mood and behavior changes.
    • -Can be detected in a medical interview
  11. Alzheimer's
    Describe stage 5 of Alzheimer's
    • 5)-Moderate severe cognitive decline
    • -may need help with some decision making
    • -still able to dress them selves and use toilet
    • -has short term memory and some long term loss
  12. Alzheimer's
    Describe stage 6 of Alzheimer's
    • 6)-severe cognitive decline
    • -needs extensive help with ADL's
    • -personality changes
    • -knows familiar from unfamiliar people (but don't always remember names)
    • -assistance with dressing and using toilet
    • -some incontinent
    • -sleep disturbances
    • -mental changes (paranoia, hallucinations delusions)
    • -wanders, gets lost
  13. Alzheimer's
    Describe stage 7 of Alzheimer's
    • 7) Very severe cognitive decline
    • -late stage disease
    • -unable to respond to environment
    • -assistance with all ADL's
    • -problems swallowing
    • -rigid muscle lead immobility
    • -no expression
    • -develops infection which leads death
  14. Alzheimer's
    Medications to slow the progress
    • 1)tacrine (cognex)
    • 2)donepezil (Aricept)
    • 3)rivastigmine (Exelon)
    • 4)galantamine (razadyne)
    • 5)memantine (Namenda)
    • *most are acetylcholine inhibitors *
    • *does not work in later stages*
  15. Alzheimer's
    Treatment Goals?
    • 1)Temporary improvement
    • -Help improve their memory
    • 2)Relief of Confusion
    • -only if they are not in denial
    • 3)Support/encouragement
    • -families and loved ones
    • 4)Maintain Safety
    • -monitor their safety
    • 5)Promote self esteem
    • -don't treat them like babies maintain their dignity
  16. Alzheimer's
    List caregivers support
    • 1) support groups
    • 2)Home health care agencies
    • 3)day care centers
  17. Alzheimer's
    Caregiver Suggestions
    • 1) Improve self-esteem
    • -don't treat them like a child
    • -find activities they are good at
    • -teach their families
    • 2)Assist with ADLs- Break things down in easy steps
    • 3)Avoid stress
    • -find calming activities
    • 4)Environmental safety
    • -take knobs off stove
    • -high locks
    • 5)daily routine
    • -structure
    • -they may become confused
    • -people have better times of day
    • -give them choices
  18. Alzheimer's
    Challenging situation
    • 1)repeated questions
    • -Always answer them
    • 2)wandering
    • -deal w/ it the best you can
    • 3)sleeplessness
    • -keep them up and active as much as possible
    • 4)lack of inappropriate response
    • -don't argue
Author
tatekj
ID
236543
Card Set
Alzheimer's
Description
Nursing
Updated

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