-
cells lack a membrane bound nucleus and any other membrane bound organelle
kingdom of prokaryotic
-
oldest group of living organisms?
3.5 billion years
-
by definition bacteria are all ?
unicellular
-
bacilli?
cylindrical shape
-
sprilla
spiral shaped cylinders
-
-
are small in size, generally not visible to the naked eye and are measured in terms of micrometers
bacterical cells
-
acquire the carbon compound they need from their environment
heterotrophic bacteria
-
heterotrophic bacteria can either be
parasites or saprophytes
-
most bacteria are _____
saprophytes
-
extract necessary carbon compounds from dead/decaying organic matter
saprophytes
-
extract the carbon compounds they need from living organic matter
parasitic bacteria
-
bacteria that are self feeding
autotrophic bacteria
-
can make everything they need from the environment
autotrophic
-
bacteria that use light energy
phototroph
-
chemosynthetic
use energy
-
-
most bacteria are _______ _______ and are important ______ organisms
- heterotrophic
- saprobes
- decomposing
-
causes whooping cough
bordatella pertussis
-
bordatella pertussis
highly contagious in infants
-
borrelia burgdorfei
causes lyme disease
-
sign of lyme disease
bullseye rash
-
yersinis pestis?
- causes bubonic plague
- transmission by flea bites or rats
-
bubonic plague?
fatal bacterial infection
-
food contaminating organisms?
-
symptoms of e coli
- bloody diarrhea occasionally leads to kidney failure
- severe blood and kidney problems
-
cause of e coli?
- ingestion of undercooked, contaminated ground beef
- contact with human/animal feces
- water
- foods
- person to person
-
-
signs of salmonella?
severe food poisioning
-
cause of salmonella?
- ingestion
- handling waste from infected animals
- eating undercooked meat
- juice from raw meat or contaminated food
-
____ could have salmonella
vegetables
-
if a chicken gets infected with salmonella, it could get into ?
its eggs
-
clostridium butlinum causes
botulism
-
a potentially fatal form of food poisoning from inadequately sterilized canned vegetables, smoked meats and fish
clostridium botulinum
-
toxin used to kill botulism =
bio terrorism
-
spore from botulism ?
lasts forever
-
botulism bacteria is ____, obligant ______, which means oxygen is ______
- heterotrobic
- anorobes
- poisonous
-
allow to get rid of lines and wrinkles
botox injections
-
how do botox injections help?
wrinkles go away because you paralyze the muscles
-
MRSA?
common bacteria on surface of your skin
-
how does MRSA spread?
- casual contact
- contaminated objects
-
how does MRSA get in to your body?
through wounds, abrasions
-
bad thing about MRSA?
- seriously drug resistant
- grows very quickly
-
viruses?
- aren't cellular
- violate rule, use RNA for genetic info
-
will attack host cell and inject genetic info into that cell
viruses
-
nonliving infectious particles composed of a nucleic acid core (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat
viruses
-
viruses are _____ specific
host cell
-
-
viruses jump from one species to another, what is the easiest jump? example?
- from pigs to humans
- ex swine flu
-
5 viral diseases?
- herpes
- rabies
- AIDS
- polio
- ebola
-
this viral disease never goes away
herpes
-
-
-
rhabdoviruses?
- rabies
- 100% fatal if not treated
-
Retro(RNA) viruses
- AIDS
- infect cells responsible for immune response
-
cant treat disease, but can attempt to treat symptoms
AIDS
-
poliovirus?
- polio
- transmission- fecal contamination, then water ingestion
-
who invented to oral polio vaccine?
Savin
-
positives of polio vaccine?
- immunity to polio stays with you your whole life
- used worldwide
- can easily be administered
-
ebola?
- comes and goes
- not in north America yet
- VERY contagious
-
symptoms of ebola virus?
- fever
- weakness
- rashes
- vomitting
- hemorrhaging internally from eyes, mouth, ears
-
death statistics of people with ebola?
50-90% of people die within 2 weeks
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