SOC 200 chapter 3

the entire way of life for a group of people

culture includes things such as?

culture is?

culture is ____ from  one generation to the next through ______, not _____

occurs when a person uses their own culture as a standard to evaluate another group or individual, leading to the view that cultures other than one's own are abnormal

ex of ethnocentrism?

the process of understanding other cultures on their own terms, rather than judging according to one's own culture

what does cultural relativism celebrate?

when studying any group, it is important to try to employ cultural relativism because?

culture consists of 2 different categories?

includes the objects associated with a cultural group such as tools, machines, utensils, buildings and artwork

includes ways of thinking and ways of behaving

in symbolic culture, ways of thinking?

in symbolic culture, ways of behaving?

beliefs?

values?

assumptions?

one of the most important functions of symbolic culture?

used to meaningfully represent something else

the signs that we make with our body

ex of gestures?

ex of signs? aka symbols

a system of communication using vocal sounds, gestures and written symbols

components of culture?

the most significant component of culture because it allows us to communicate

language shapes?

language will construct reality

shared beliefs about what a group considers worthwhile or desirable

the formal and informal rules regarding what kinds of behavior are acceptable and appropriate within a culture

norms=

values=

norms are specific to a ?

norms can either be ?

formal norms?

informal norms?

change over time and place

types of norms can also be distinguished by ?

a loosely enforced norm that involves common customs, practices, or procedures that ensure smooth social interaction and acceptance

ex of a folkway?

a norm that carries greater moral significance, is closely related to the core values of a group, and often involves severe repercussions for violaters

deviance, helps us understand what more is

mores =

a norm engrained so deeply that even thinking about violating it evokes strong feelings of disgust, horror or revulsion for most people

positive or negative reactions to the ways that people follow or disobey norms, including rewards for conformity and punishments for norm violaters.

sanctions help to establish?

the formal and informal mechanisms used to increase conformity to values and norms and thus increase social cohesion

values diverse racial, ethnic, national and linguistic backgrounds and so encourages the retention of cultural differences within society, rather than assimilation

refers to the values, norms and practices of the group within society that is more powerful in terms of wealth, prestige, status and influence

a group within society that is differentiated by its distinctive values, norms and lifestyle

a group within society that openly rejects and/or actively opposes society's values and norms

cultures usually change?

at times, a subculture can influence the mainstream and become part of a _____ culture, or something that is dominant can change to a _________