-
scrape on the surface of the skin or mucous membrane
abrasion
-
to acquire resources on the scene that can be lifesaving for the patient
ALS advanced live support intercept
-
method of listening for sounds produced within the body; usually performed with a stethoscope
ausculation
-
mnemonic used to remember the responses during assessment of the patient's mental status
AVPU
-
what does each letter of AVPU stand for
- A alert
- v responce to verbal stimuli
- P response to painful stimuli
- U unresponsive
-
the force exerted by the blood volume on the walls of the vessels
blood pressure
-
diagnostic test in which the nail bed is compressed to empty the capillaries and determine the time it takes to refill and how long should it take
capillary refilling time and 2 seconds
-
the reason, best stated in te patients own words, for the medical problem that prompted the patient to seek emergency medical assistance.
Chief complaint
-
membrane that lines the interior surface of the eye lids and covers the anterior surface of the sclera of the eye
conjunctiva
-
to narrow and become smaller
constrict
-
compression or blunt-force injury with no skin break in which blood vessels may leak or rupture, aka bruise
contusion
-
gratting or crackling sound or sensation caused by air beneath the skin or broken bone ends rubbing together
crepitus
-
bluish discoloration of the mucous membranes or skin resulting from oxygen-depleted hemoglobins
cyanosis
-
mnemonic used to rmembr possible physical findings identified during the head to toe survey and what does each letter stand for
DCAP/BTLS
- D deformities
- C contusions
- A abrasions
- P punctures
- B burns
- T tenderness
- L lacerations
- S swelling
-
Structural distortion or bend that alters the normal apperance of the body or body part
deformity
-
deliberate and comprehensive head to toe assessment to identify secondary injuries; part of the focused (secondary) assessment
detailed physical examination
-
to widen or become larger
Dilate
-
atrery in the foot that is palpable on the top of the foot
dorsalis pedis
-
Physical examination directed to the specific area of injury for patients with limited injuries or specific medical coplaints
focused (secondary) assessment
-
short breaths with rapid ispiratory phase associated with repiratory distress or fatigue
gasping
-
first part of the initial assessment during which emt notes the patients age and gerder, nature of the illness or mechanism of injury, and any obvious life threatening conditions
General Impression
-
rhythmic sound heard at the end of each exhalation; key sign of respritory destress in infants
grunting
-
sound created by air moving through fluids in the airway
gurgling
-
rapid examination to identify signs and symptoms in unresponsive patients with a significant mechanism of injury
Head to toe survey
-
information about the patient, including the chief complaint, present illness, past medical history, medications, and allergies; gathered during the interview with patient, family, or bystanders.
history
-
portion of the history that clarifies the chief complaint or presenting problem through a series of questions
history of the present illness
-
increased blood pressure
hypertension
-
early part of assessment devoted to identifying and treating life threatening conditions related to airway, breathing, circulation, and mental status
Initial (primary) assessment
-
yellowing of the skin or sclera of the eye caused by a buildup of bilirubin in the blood
jaundice
-
enlargement of the neck veins associated with increased venous pressure
jugular venous distention
-
tear or cut in the skin or other tissue
laceration
-
manner in which an injury was incurred; knowing this help in recongnizing the type of and extent of the injury
Mechanism of injury
-
event involving more than one patient that requires more resources than the responding units can provide
Multiple casualty incident
-
characteristic flaring of the nostrils in infants and small children suggesting the presence of resiratory distress
nasal flaring
-
type of medical compaint that a patient exhibits
Nature of illness
-
reevaluation of the patient; repeat initial assessment, vital signs, focused assessment, chec of interventions
ongoing assessment
-
when and how a patient's complaint first occurred
onset
-
mnemonic used to rember the key questions in the history of present illness and what does each letter mean
OPQRST
- O onset
- P provocation
- Q quality
- R radiation
- S severity
- T time
-
the lining of the mouth
oral mucosa
-
a persons awareness of person, place, and time
orientation
-
the act of feeling with the hand; applying light pressure with the fingers to the surface of the body to determine the condition of the parts underneath
palpation
-
artery passing just behind the ankle bone, where it is palpable between the medial malleolus and the achilles tendon
Posterior tibial
-
abnormal sustained penile erection
priapism
-
an factor that causes or worsens a patient's complaint
Provocation
-
to pierce or penetrate with a pointed object or instrument
puncture
-
subjective description of the complaint in the patient's own words
quality
-
in assessment of the patient's cheif complaint, the spread of pain from one area of the body to another
radiation
-
the drawing in of soft tissues between the ribs, above the clavicle, and below the sternum, reflects increased work of breathing
retractions
-
mnemonic used to remembr the key questions in a patients history
SAMPLE
- S sign and symptoms
- A allergies
- M medications
- P pertinent past history
- L last oral consumption
- E events leading up to present illness
-
first step in the scene size up phase of patient assessment; ensures safety of the providers, patients, and bystanders by effectively securing the scene
Scene safety
-
first phase of patient assessment that includes scene safety, appropriate use of PPE, and determination of the MOI or NOI
scene size-up
-
measurement of the degree of pain a patients experiencing
severity
-
any objective evidence of disease or dysfunction; a clue to the patient's condition that can be observed ( seen, smelled, heard, or felt) by the EMT
sign
-
harsh, low pitched sound usually caused by the tongue blockin the airway
snoring
-
device for measuring BP
Sphygmomanometer
-
harsh, high-pitched sound created by air flowing through a norrowed upper airway, usually heard on inspiraton
Stridor or crowing
-
entrapment of air beneath the skin as a result of trauma to the airways, lungs, esophagus, or skin; characterized by deformity and crepitus of the skin
subcutaneous emphysema
-
pain that is elicited on palpation
tenderness
-
duration of the cheif complaint and significant associated complaints
time
-
devices used to alter traffic flow around an emergency scene
Traffic delineation devices or traffic cones
-
tendecy toward improvement or deterioration in a patients condition
trend
-
to sort or choose; the sorting of patients according to injury priority
triage
-
position characterized by sitting upright and leaning forward with the head and neck thrust forward; generally associated with respiratory distress
tripod position
-
measurement of the function of the vital body system
vital signs
-
what are the 5 vital signs
resperation, pulse, BP, temp., and pupils
-
high pitch whistling sound created by narrowed bronchioles
wheezing
-
-
adults normal respiratory rate
12-20 breaths/min
-
normal respiratory rate for a child 2-10 yrs
15-30 breaths/min
-
normal respiratory rates for infants birth-2 yrs
25-50 breaths/min
-
pulse rate for newborns, infants, child, child and adult
85-205, 100-190, 60-140, 60-100
-
how do you determine a normal BP
- systolic is 100 mm Hg plus patients age up to 140 or 150
- diastolic range is 65-90 mm Hg
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