-
–Midlist
authors
write books that have literary merit but are not obvious blockbusters.
-
is the leading bookstore in cyberspace.
•Amazon.com
-
small
presses
- •is
- a publisher with a few employees and minimal facilities.
-
Publishers
- •usually
- specialize in the types of books they produce
-
•A developmental editor
works with the author, going over each chapter and suggesting changes, new directions, things to add, and things to cut.
-
•An acquisition editor
acquires books to be published.
-
Educational
books
include textbooks for elementary, secondary, college, and vocational schools.Many believe that educational books will be the great growth industry of 21stcentury publishing.
-
Trade Books
- account for largest share of books sold.
- Trade books are fiction and nonfiction that are sold to the general public.
-
Dime and Pulp
novels
Early paperbacks
-
•The Industrial Revolution
- –Machine-made
- paper - wood pulp -
- cheaper
- –Publishers
- tried to disguise books as both newspaper and magazines to take advantage of
- lower postage rates.
- –In
- 1914
- Congress
- established a special postal “book
- rate”
- because it realized that the distribution of books was good for the country.
- (media mail)
-
McGuffey’s Eclectic Readers
- used
- pictures to reinforce vocabulary.
-
–Universal
education became law in the United States in the 1820s.
1820s.
-
first
colony to pass a law requiring that every child be taught to read.
–1642 Massachusetts-
-
The
Library Company of Philadelphia was founded by
-
rag
content
- To this day, the best papers still have a
- certain amount of cotton or linen fiber
-
Printing changed the world from one
- oral
- culture to literature
- culture.
-
. His
invention was one of the prototypes of mass production and sparked a
revolution.
Johannes Gutenberg
-
codex
- The
- first book to resemble today’s familiar form was produced on parchment
- by the Romans
-
papyrus
- a reed that grew in ancient Egypt
- alongside the Nile
3000 B.C. earliest paper
-
· Catharsis
theory
is the idea that viewing violence actually reduces violent behavior because it satisfies a person’s aggressive drive.
-
o Agenda-setting
–
telling them what to think about
-
George Gerbner’s cultivation theory
- o predicts that over time. Media use will “cultivate” a
- particular view of the world within users
-
§ Laggards –
resistant to change
-
§ Late
Majority-
skeptical
-
§ Early
Majority –
careful informed decisions
-
§ Early
Adopters –
Quick but informed
-
§ Innovators-
extroverts, eager to try new stuff
-
diffusion of innovation theory
- o five types of people have different levels of willingness
- to accept new ideas from the media:
-
o Individual
difference theory looks at how media users with different characteristics are affected in different ways by the mass media.
-
o Socialization:
an important part in the process of social modeling in which a child learns the expectations, norms, and the values of society.
-
Social learning theory
- is based on the assumption that people learn to
- behave by observing others, including those portraying in the mass media.
-
· Later studies, minimal-effects model which predicts
that media will have little influence on behavior
(LIMITED EFFECTS)
-
The Payne Fund
- · studies supported the powerful-effects model, which
- predicted that media will have an immediate and potent influence on their
- media. (HYPODERMIC NEEDLE)
-
Theory
- is a set of related statements that seek to
- explain and predict behavior
-
· Two step
flow
created by opinion leaders of communication
-
· Opinion
Leader
someone who knows stuff about something
-
· Selective retention
caused people with different views to remember the same event differently
-
· Content
analyses demonstrated that the vastmajority of movies dealt with crime, sex, and love.
-
The Payne Fund
- · conducted 13 separate investigations into the
- influence movies had on the behavior of children
-
· Propaganda
is information that is spread for the purpose of promoting a doctrine or cause
-
Censorship
Legal: Forbidding or restricting a form of expression before it is made
- To some –
- government prosecution of communications activity after the fact
- ·
- Others – any
- restriction of communications activity
-
Mediated Interpersonal Communication
·
The sharing of personal messages through some form of interposed device (communication via the telephone, e-mail, text messages etc.)
-
What is a Gatekeeper?
- ·
- Controls what goes out to people
-
“Mass Communication”
- ·
- Mediated messages transmitted to large, usually
- widespread audiences.
-
Mediated Communication
·
Messages conveyed through a medium rather than face-to-face
-
Career Preparation
- 1.
- Name a job where you will NOT use any form of
- media
- 2.
- How could your job affect the media
- 3.
- How could your job be affected by the media
-
Media Criticism
- the analysis used to assess the effects of media on
- individuals, on societies, and on cultures.
-
What is media literacy?
- ·
- The ability to understand and make productive
- use of the media in one’s life
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