human anatomy chapter 6

• Intramembranous Ossification
• Endochondral Ossification

• type of bone formation
• starts with a hyaline cartilage model and produces the majority of bone in the body

• type of bone formation
• develops from mesenchyme to produce flat bones of the skull, some facial bones, the mandible, and the central portion of the clavicle

the formation and development of bone

• run parallel to and connect the central canals
• contain blood vessels and nerves

rings of bone just internal to the endosteum

partial lamellae that are "left-over: portions of an osteon that is undergoing reconstruction.

• Interstitial growth
• Appositional growth

growth in the long bone

growth in bone diameter

• Nutrient arteries and veins
• Metaphyseal arteries and veins
• Epiphyseal arteries and veins

mechanical stress such as muscle contraction and gravitational forces stimulate an increase in bone density by increase in osteoblast

• loses ability to produce organic matrix (mainly collagen)
• loses calcium and other bone salts

a very long time

• Fibrocartilage
• Hyaline Cartilage
• Elastic Cartilage

• made up of elastic fibers
• able to bend and go back

• acts as a shock absorber
• knees and vertebrae

• most abundant cartilage in the body
• weakest
• connects the ribs to the sternum
• very solid
• fetal skeleton is made of hyaline cartilage

• found throughout the body
• semi-rigid connective tissue
• not as strong as bone but more flexible and resilient

• Support the soft tissue- such as respiratory tree or the auricle
• Articulations-provides smooth gliding surfaces where bone appose each other
• Precursor model for bone growth