-
grouping like items makes memory easier and faster its called
chunking
-
we remember ? things better than ? things this is called ? effect
first, middle, primary
-
Initially we remember ? things best this is called ? effect
last, recency effect
-
? strengthens memory. this is the method of ?
repetition, rehearsal
-
when unusual or unique things are remembered better this is called?
Von Restorff effect
-
? is the storage and retrieval of information
memory
-
Memorys three key processes are
encoding, storage, retrieval
-
organizing information in some way is
encoding
-
putting information in the right place is
storage
-
this is good when encoding and storage work properly
retrieval
-
three types of encoding
elaborative, visual imagery, organizational encoding
-
what type of encoding happens when you build on knowledge we have. you are really interested in something
elaborative encoding
-
when you make a visual image of something in order to remember it eg silver lettuce on top of the typewriter
visual imagery
-
encoding when you have like files in your mind and like subjects so you get the info in the right place
organizational encoding
-
all the stuff that goes on around us. when you care it starts to get in memory and stay picks out what interest us this is called the
sensory memory store
-
what type of memory is visual items and lasts up to 1/4 of a second
iconic memory
-
what type of memory is verbal and lasts up to 4 seconds
echoic memory
-
what memory store stays with us about 30 seconds
short term memory store
-
whatever is on the screen of your mind at one time - it is the channel changer your mind goes from thing to thing to thing
working memory
-
this is a good technique for us and helps us with learning poetry and and info with just mental and verbal repetition of info
rehearsal
-
put like things together put in smaller groups memory is better
chunking
-
this is memory that is theoratically forever its a memory function of time - you have spent some time with it and continue to spend time with it
long term memory store
-
loss of memory for part of your life
amnesia
-
brain not developed early enough to remember youngest childhood years
infantile amnesia
-
intake so much info in one day you cant remember where the info cam from (source of info)
source amnesia
-
you remember the past not the present is called
anterograde amnesia
-
remember current not the past is called
retrograde amnesia
-
this memory is not so prominent even though it is still part of memory (implied memory)
implicit memory
-
conscious memory - stands out, major things, prominent (main features)
explicit memory
-
using words or language, learn becasue of what people tell us
semantic memory
-
this is the best teacher when having a memory. you have an episode, a time and place where something happened where memory was created for us
episodic memory
-
which memory is being used when you are remembering data and information like what date is it, what class is it
declarative memory
-
what memory is being used when you perform a behavior or a process or know how to do certain things (muscle memory) like playing piano
procedural memory
-
the decreasing accessibility of memory over time
transcience
-
memories can be distorted by interference with other memories. When this happens because later (or current) learning is doing the interfering with present learning (learning in the present affects memory learned in the past)
retroactive interference
-
when the interference of memory is distorted by PRior learning is doing the interfering with present learning
Proactive interference
-
lapse of attention and forgetting to do things
Absent-mindedness
-
two types of lapses of attention and forgetting to do things are
lack of attention, and divided attention
-
when you are trying to multi task and your focus is affected eg you drive to college and you can't remember the drive is
divided attention
-
when you are sitting in a restaurant and you pay attention to the conversation behind you and you cant remember commitments you have made to the person sitting across from you is an example of
lack of attention
-
remembering to do things in the future (remember to remember) we may set little triggers to help us remember is called
prospective memory
-
temporary inaccessibility of stored information is and referred to as tip of the tongue phenomenon
blocking
-
assigning a recollection or an idea to the wrong source; attribution of memories to incorrect sources or believing that you have seen or heard something you haven't is called
memory misattribution
-
an eyewitness in a testimony would be called what kind of memory
source memory
-
eyewitness testimony can play a big part in source memory and ?
false recognition
-
french for already seen - seems real but not, seems done it before but havent
deja vu
-
the incorporation of misinformation into memory due to leading questions deception and other causes
suggestibility
-
retrospective distortions produced by current knowledge and beliefs
bias
-
is the bias to reconstruct the past to fit the present spun story to make is seem like they are the good one
consistency bias
-
is the tendency to exaggerate differences between what we feel of believe now and what we felt or believed in the past "funerals"
change bias
-
the tendency to exaggerate the past in order to make ourselves look good in retrospect
egocentric bias
-
unwanted recollections that people can't forget such as the unrelenting intrusive memories of PTSD
persistance
-
you remember something vividly in great detail - major life event
flashbulb memories
-
remember what we need to know and after use it then done with it
maintenance rehearsal
-
Like the kid with the anazazi indian example, he really wants to know and delves into research to find out this is called
elaborative rehearsal
-
-
what is the magic number seven
most people remember things that are 7+ or - two
-
physiological condition, physiological state, when you are in the same state you remember this is called
state dependent memory (flooding)
-
memory coming back depending on the setting, environment, or place is called
context dependent memory
-
the order in which memory comes back is called
serial position effect
-
the order in which memory comes back is what order?
remember the first part then jumps to the last part and then you fill in the middle. also called serial position effect
-
what are the three methods of measuring memory retention
- recall
- recognition
- relearning
-
when you have to search a lot of memory to find the information is called which method of memory retention
recall
-
when you remember something because the answer is there such as matching or multiple choice tests is called
recognition
-
when you remember something you have learned at a previous time then you learn it again and the second time you learn it it is easier is called
relearning
-
hints that help bring stored information to mind and are triggers for memory are
retrieval cues
-
when yo want to forget because its too painful or emotionally charged is called
motivated forgetting (repression)
-
when your memory is fine one moment and then it goes away and then it comes out so it comes in and out like a broken tv signal is called and is caused by a blow to the head
transient global amnesia
-
the erosion of myelin sheath and brain cells soften and you have problems assimilating the vitamin thiamin and is alcohol induced is called
korsakoff's syndrome
|
|