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The only type of macromolecule that does not form part of the membrane structure
neucleic acid
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The molecules that forms the main hydrophobic core of a cell membrane
phospholipids
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The general term for processes that bring macromolecules, particles, and small cells into another cell
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A solution that has a higher concentration of solutes than than the solution on the other side of a membrane
Hypertonic
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Small molecules, large number of which are linked together to make macromolecules.
Mnmers
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The monomers of DNA and RNA:
nucleotides
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The monomers of proteins:
Amin Acids
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Monomers of carbohydrates
monosacherides
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A polysaccharide used for cellular structure rather than energy storage like other carbohydrates
cellulose
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A highly branched polysaccharide use by animals for cellular energy storage
glycogen
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Nucleotides that have two nitrogen-containing ringed bases fused together.
purines
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Nucleotides
basic building blocks of neucleic acid.
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A class of macromolecules that play an important role both in energy storage and in forming cell membranes
lipids
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The material enclosed withing the membrane of the cell but outside the nucleus, including liquid, dissolved solutes and insoluble particles such as ribosomes
cytoplasm
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The non-membrane bound organelles responsible for protein synthesis
ribosomes
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The place in a cell where DNA is transcribed into RNA during gene expression.
neucleus
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The place where ribosomes are assembled from RNA and proteins
neucleolus
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Small membrane-bound droplets that shuttle materials among members of the endomembrane system and other parts of the cell
vesicles
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The site for synthesis of lipids and steroids
Smooth ER
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The site for most chemical modification and detoxification of small molecules in a cell
smooth er
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A meshwork of fibers inside a cell that functions in structure, transport and movement of a cell.
cytoskeleton
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The ability of many cytoskeleton fibers to regularly and rapidly engage in various types of modifications.
dynamic instability
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Tough, highly branched cytoskeleton fibers that are not regularly modified or moved that resist tension in a cell.
intermediate filaments
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Long, hollow fibers that act as a framework to allow vesicle transport within a cell.
Microtubules
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A meshwork of proteins and carbohydrates found outside animal cells that helps hold groups of cells together.
Extracellular matrix
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carrier proteins work by binding to one molecule of solute at a time and transporting it with the solute gradien
uniporter
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an integral membrane protein that is involved in movement of two or more different molecules or ions across a phospholipid membrane
symporter
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an integral membrane protein involved in secondary active transport of two or more different molecules or ions
antiporter
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