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describe the nucleus of a band neutrophil
uniform and symmetrical
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describe the nucleus of a monocyte
not symmetrical
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what do echinocytes indicate?
creation
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what does MHCT stand for?
micro hematocrit tube
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what are the two clinical classifications of anemia?
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what are the three symptoms of chronic clinical anemia?
- pale mucous membranes
- edema/ascites
- heart murmur
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where do you check mucous membranes on a dog?
mouth and eyes
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where is the best place to check mucous membranes on a cat?
inside ears
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what is edema?
collection of fluid
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what is ascites?
collection of fluid in the abdomen
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where is edema visible in cattle with chronic clinical anemia?
jaw/mandible
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what is the time-frame classification for chronic clinical anemia?
3 days or over 72 hours
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what is meant by acute clinical anemia?
rapid onset
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what are the three symptoms of acute clinical anemia?
- icterus
- hemoglobinurea
- elevated temperature
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what is icterus?
orange/amber discoloration of skin and/or mucous membranes
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what is hemoglobinurea?
dark, maroon colored blood in urine
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what are the two types of regenerative anemia?
- blood loss anemia
- hemolytic anemia
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what are two causes of blood loss anemia?
- hemmorrhage
- blood sucking parasites
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what are the three causes of hemolytic anemia?
- RBC parasites
- infection
- toxins
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what are the two causes for food deficiencies?
- lack of quality protein (low TDN)
- lack of iron, copper, cobalt, B complex, water and calories
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what are four causes for nutritional deficiencies?
- poor quality or lack of food
- malabsorption syndrome
- internal parasites
- stomatitis or gingivitis
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