-
What layer germinates the epidermis?
Ectoderm
-
What layer germinates the dermis and hypodermis?
Mesoderm
-
Skin is well developed during the ___th month of gestation.
4th
-
The downy coat is called ____ and is formed during the ____th of gestation.
lanugo; 5th and 6th
-
What encases the baby at birth?
vernix caseosa
-
Small white spots from sebaceous.
milia
-
your skin is ____% of your weight
4-5%
-
The 2 (3) distinct regions of the skin.
- 1. Epidermis
- 2. Dermis
- 3. (Hypodermis)
-
The epidermis is a _____ stratified squamous epithelium.
keratinized
-
The majority of epidermal cells are ______ that produce ____.
heratonocytes; keratin
-
These cells synthesize melanin.
melanocytes
-
These cells are associated with sensory nerve endings.
Merkle cells
-
Microphages that help activate the immune system.
Langerhans' cells
-
Exposure to ultraviolet (U/V) light causes the skin to darken by stimulating the production of...
melanin
-
The reticular layer accounts for ___% of the dermis.
80%
-
Order of epidermis layers from surface to deep: stratum___
- corneum
- lucidum
- granulosum
- spinosum
- basale
-
The skin that covers the palms, fingertips, and soles is considered ______ skin and consists of _____ layers.
thick; 5
-
In thin skin, the _____ layer is absent.
lucidum
-
When you scratch your skin, what comes off as white flakes that are mostly cells from the stratum _____.
Corneum
-
In skin, blood vessels are found in the _____
dermis
-
The toughened outer portion of the hair is termed the ___.
cuticle
-
The structure that contracts to cause "goose bumps" is the____
arrector pili muscle
-
The central core of the hair is the ___.
medulla
-
Two types of glands found in the skin are the_______ and _______ glands.
Sudoriferous & Sebaceous
-
Sebaceous glands secrete _____.
oil
-
Sudoriferous glands secrete _____.
sweat
-
Appendages of the skin:
- 1) hair
- 2) nails)
- 3) sudoriferous glands
- 4) sebaceous glands
-
The different layers of the epidermis have one feature in common. This feature is:
absence of blood vessels
-
Growth of the epidermis takes place because of mitosis in the ______.
stratum basale
-
The type of tissue making up the bulk of the dermis is ______.
dense connective tissue irregular
-
When assessing the extent of burns on the body using the rule of nines, the anterior and posterior trunk represents about what percentage of the body?
36%
-
Glands usually associated with hair follicles are (could be two):
sebaceous glands & apocrine sweat glands
-
Which of the vitamin is “activated” in the skin?
D
-
In order to reduce an excessive body heat loss (there could be several):
- 1. production of sweat decreases
- 2. cutaneous blood vessels constrict
-
Functions of skin:
- 1. Expression
- 2. Protection
- 3. Temperature regulation
- 4. Vitamin D
- 5. Excretion
- 6. Sensory
- 7. Blood reservoir
-
Types of barriers of skin protection:
- 1. chemical
- 2. mechanical
- 3. biological
-
What is vellus?
peach fuzz (light, very fair body hair)
-
Nails are made up of hard ____ and have a ______, a _______, and a _____.
keratin; free edge; body; root
-
-
Length of anagen phase for hair growth on scalp.
2-7 years
-
What affects the growth and density of hair?
nutrition and genetics
-
What are the major problems resulting from burns?
infection & fluid loss
-
The degree of burn only affecting the epidermis
1st degree
-
The degree of burn where disfigurement may occur.
3rd degree
-
Possible treatment for burns:
- IV nutrition & fluid replacement
- debridement
- infection control
-
The least dangerous form of skin cancer.
Basal cell carcinoma
-
Type of skin cancer that can be lethal.
Squamous cell carcinoma
-
Skin cancer that arises from the melanocytes of a preexisting mole
malignant melanoma
-
How to identify malignant melanoma:
ABCDE (asymmetry, border is irregular, color is mixed, diameter over 6mm, elevation)
-
Yellow to orange pigment
carotene
-
Polymer ranging in color from yellow to red/brown to black
Melanin
-
Gives pinkish hue to skin
hemoglobin
-
cyanosis is ____ color
blue
-
erythema is ____ color
red
-
jaundice is _____ color
yellow
-
bronzing is ____ color
bronze/metallic
-
pallor is ____ color
white
-
black and blue marks
hematoma
-
Finger prints are what type of skin marking?
friction ridge
|
|