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What are the Cells?
- Cells are the smallest and the simplest units of all living things that are capable of maintaining life and reproducing itself.
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What are the Atoms?
- Tiny building blocks of matter, combined to form a molecules such as water, sugar, and proteins.
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What are the Tissues?
Groups of similar cells that have a common function.
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What is the Organ?
An Organ is a structure, composed of two or more tissues types, that performs a specific function for the body.
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What is the Organ System?
- Organ System is a group of organs that cooperate to accomplish a common purpose.
- Ex: The stomach
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What is the Organism?
Group of Organ systems which make up an integrated whole person or animal.
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What's the definition of Anatomy?
Anatomy is the of the structure and shape of the body and body parts and their relationships to one another.
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What's the definition of Physiology?
Physiology is the study of how the body and its parts work or function.
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What's the definition of Anatomical Position?
- The human body standing erect with palms turned forwards, used as the position of reference in designating the site or direction of structures of the body.
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What's Transverse Plane, and where is its location?
- transverse plane one passing horizontally through the body, at right angles to the sagittal and frontal planes, and dividing the body into upper and lower portions.
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What's Sagittal Plane, and where is its location?
- The longitudinal plane that divides the body into right and left sections.
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What's Median Plane, and where is its location?
- one passing longitudinally through the middle of the body from front to back, dividing it into right and left halves.
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What's Frontal Plane(Coronal), and where is its location?
- is any vertical plane that divides the body into ventral and dorsal (belly and back) sections.
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Define Homeostasis.
The body's ability to maintain a relatively stable environment.
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Proximal
- Nearer a point of reference, usually the trunk or the middle of the body.
- Close to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk.
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Distal
Farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to a body trunk.
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Superior
Toward the head end of the body or toward the upper part of the body.
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Inferior
Farther away from the head or toward the lower part of the body.
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Anterior(ventral)
Toward or at the front of the body.
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Posterior(dorsal)
Towards or at the back side of the body.
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Medial
Towards or at the midline of the body.
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Lateral
Away from the midline of the body.
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Intermediate
Between a more medial and a more lateral structure.
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Superficial
- Towards or at the body surface.
- On or close to the outside of the body.
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Deep
Away from the body surface; more internal.
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Greater curvature
The side of a curved organ with the larger curve.
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Caudal
- Refers to the tail or tail end.
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Plantar
- The sole or bottom of the foot.
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Lesser curvature
The side of a curved organ with the smaller curve.
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Cranial
Refers to the head or head end.
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Palmar
- The front or palm of the hand.
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Prone
- Lying abdomen down, face down (or to the side)
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Supine or dorsal recumbent
- Lying down on the back, face up.
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Erect
Standing or sitting up.
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Three general regions of the body.
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- 1. RUQ - Right Upper Quadrant
- 2. LUQ - Left Upper Quadrant
- 3. RLQ - Right Lower Quadrant
- 4. LLQ - Left Lower Quadrant
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Where is the Gallbladder located?
Located in the Right Upper Quadrant.
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Spleen
Located in the Left Upper Quadrant.
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Left Kidney
Located in the Left Upper Quadrant.
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Cecum
Located in the Right Lower Quadrant.
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Lower right ureter
Located in the Right Lower Quadrant.
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Right Kidney
Located in the Right Upper Quadrant.
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Appendix
Located in the Right Lower Quadrant.
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Bile Ducts
Right Upper Quadrant.
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Most of the liver
Right Upper Quadrant.
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Lower part of the left ureter
Left Lower Quadrant.
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Identify the nine abdominal regions.
- 1. Right hypochondriac region
- 2. Epigastric region
- 3. Left hypochondriac region
- 4. Right lumbar region
- 5. Umbilical region
- 6. Left lumbar region
- 7. Right iliac region
- 8. Hypo-gastric region
- 9. Left iliac region
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Order the major types of body structures from the simplest to most complex.
- 1. Cells
- 2. Tissues
- 3. Organs
- 4. Organ systems
- 5. Organism.
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State the single ultimate goal of an organism.
Survive, thrive, reproduce.
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Three basic activities for life of an organism.
- 1. Movement
- 2. Metabolism
- 3. Irritability
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Acromial
Point of shoulder.
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Antecubital
Anterior surface of elbow.
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Abdominal
Anterior body trunk inferior to ribs.
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Pelvic
Area overlying the pelvis anteriorly.
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Inguinal
Area where thigh meets body trunk; groin.
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Fibular
Lateral part of leg.
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Deltoid
- Curve of shoulder formed by large deltoid muscle.
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Lumbar
- Area of back between ribs and hips.
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Sacral
Area between hips.
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Popliteal
Posterior knee area.
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Sural
The posterior surface of lower leg; the calf.
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Occipital
Posterior surface of head. (הצד האחרון של הראש)
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Integumentary System
is the external covering of the body, or the skin.
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Skeletal System
consists of bones, cartilages, ligaments, and joints.
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Muscular System
Skeletal muscles form the muscular system.
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Nervous System
is the body's fast-acting control system. It consists of brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory receptors.
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Endocrine System
controls body activities, but it acts much more slowly than the nervous system. Produces hormones and releases them into blood.
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Cardiovascular System
Heard and blood vessels. Carries fluids, and oxygen.
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Lymphatic System
Its organs include lymphatics vessels, lymph nodes, and other lymphoid organs.
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Respiratory System
keep the body constantly supplied with oxygen and to remove carbon dioxide.
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Digestive System
is basically a tube running through the body fro, mouth to anus.
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Urinary System
removes the nitrogen wastes from the blood and flushes from the body in urine.
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Reproductive System
Sperm are produced by the testicles. Produce offspring.
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