-
stacks of RBCs is the classical finding in
Rouleaux formation (high ESR, multiple myeloma)
-
stippled vaginal epithelial cells is the classical finding in
"clue cells" (Gardenerella vaginalis)
-
"Tennis racket" shaped cytoplasmic organelles (EM) in Langerhans cells is the classical finding in
Birbeck granules (Langerhans cell histiocytosis or histiocytosis X: eosinophilic granuloma)
-
thrombi made of white/red layers is the classical finding in
lines of Zahn (arterial thrombus, layers of platelets/RBCs)
-
"Thumb sign" on lateral X ray is the classical finding in
epiglottitis (Haemophilus influenzae)
-
thyroid like appearance of kidney is the classical finding in
chronic bilateral pyelonephritis
-
Tram-track appearance of capillary loops of glomerular basement memb on light microscopy is the classical finding in
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
-
triglyceride accumulation in liver cell vacuoles is the classical finding in
fatty liver cell disease (alcoholic or metabolic synd)
-
"Waxy" casts with very low urine flow is the classical finding in
chronic end stage renal disease
-
WBC casts in urine is the classical finding in
acute pyelonephritis
-
WBCs that look "smudged" is the classical finding in
CLL (almost always B cell)
-
"Wire loop" glomerular capillary appearance on light microscopy is the classical finding in
Lupus nephropathy
-
yellowish CSF is the classical finding in
Xanthochromia (e.g., due to subarachnoid hemorrhage)
-
condition: absence seizures
common treatment: ??
ethosuximide
-
condition: acute gout attack
common treatment: ??
NSAIDs, colchicine
-
condition: Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)
common treatment: ??
all-trans retinoic acid
-
condition: ADHD
common treatment: ??
Methylphenidate, amphetamines
-
condition: alcohol abuse
common treatment: ??
AA + disulfiram for patient and Al-Anon for family
-
condition: alcohol withdrawl
common treatment: ??
benzodiazepines
-
condition: anorexia
common treatment: ??
SSRIs
-
condition: anticoagulation during pregnancy
common treatment: ??
heparin
-
condition: arrhythmia in a damaged cardiac tissue
common treatment: ??
class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainide)
-
condition: B12 deficiency
common treatment: ??
vit B12 supplementation (work up with Schilling test)
-
condition: benign prostatic hyperplasia
common treatment: ??
Tamsulosin, fenasteide
-
condition: bipolar disorder
common treatment: ??
Lithium, Valproate, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine (mood stabilizers)
-
condition: breast cancer in post menopausal women
common treatment: ??
aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)
-
condition: Buerger's disease
common treatment: ??
smoking cessation
-
condition: bulimia
common treatment: ??
SSRIs
-
condition: Candida albicans
common treatment: ??
Amphotericin B (systemic), nystatin (oral thrush, esophagitis)
-
condition: carcinoid synd
common treatment: ??
octreotide
-
condition: Chlamydia trachomatis
common treatment: ??
Doxycycline (+ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection), Erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis for infants)
-
condition: chronic gout
common treatment: ??
probenecid (underexcretor), allopurinol (overproducer)
-
condition: chronic hepatitis
common treatment: ??
IFN-α
-
condition: Chronic myelogenous leukemia
common treatment: ??
Imatinib
-
condition: Clostridium botulinum
common treatment: ??
antitoxin
-
condition: Clostidium difficile
common treatment: ??
oral metronidazole; if refractory, oral vancomycin
-
condition: Clostridium tetani
common treatment: ??
antitoxin+vaccine booster+diazepam
-
condition: Crohn's disease
common treatment: ??
corticosteroids, Infliximab
-
condition: Cryptococcus neoformans
common treatment: ??
Fluconazole (prophylaxis in AIDS patients)
-
condition: Cyclophosphamide induced hemorrhagic cystits
common treatment: ??
Mesna
-
condition: cystic fibrosis
common treatment: ??
N-acetylcysteine+antipseudomonal prophylaxis (tobramycin/azithromycin)
-
condition: Cytomegalovirus
common treatment: ??
Gancyclovir
-
condition: depression
common treatment: ??
SSRIs (first line)
-
condition: Diabetes insipidus
common treatment: ??
- Desmopressin (central)
- hydrocholrthiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)
-
condition: Diabetes mellitus type I
common treatment: ??
dietary intervention (low sugar)+insulin replacement
-
condition: diabetes mellitus type 2
common treatment: ??
dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics and insulin (possible)
-
condition: diabetic ketoacidosis
common treatment: ??
fluids, insulin, K+
-
condition: enterococci
common treatment: ??
vancomycin/ampicillin+aminoglycoside
-
condition: erectile dysfunction
common treatment: ??
sildenafil, vardenafil
-
condition: ER-positive breast cancer
common treatment: ??
tamoxifen
-
condition: ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication
common treatment: ??
fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)
-
condition: Haemophilus influenzae (B)
common treatment: ??
rifampin (prophylaxis)
-
condition: generalized anxiety disorder
common treatment: ??
buspirone
-
condition: heparin toxicity (acute)
common treatment: ??
protamine sulfate
-
condition: HER2/neu-positve breast cancer
common treatment: ??
trastuzumab
-
condition: hyperaldosteronism
common treatment: ??
spironolactone
-
condition: hypercholesterolemia
common treatment: ??
statin (first line)
-
condition: hypertriglyceridemia
common treatment: ??
fibrate
-
condition: immediate anticoagulation
common treatment: ??
heparin
-
condition: infertility
common treatment: ??
Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile)
-
condition: Influenza
common treatment: ??
rimantadine, oseltamivir
-
condition: Legionella pneumophila
common treatment: ??
erythromycin
-
for long term anticoagulation we commonly use
warfarin
-
condition: Malaria
common treatment: ??
chloroquine/mefloquine (for blood schizont), primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)
-
condition: malignant hyperthermia
common treatment: ??
dantrolene
-
condition: medical abortion
common treatment: ??
mifepristone
-
condition: Migraine
common treatment: ??
sumatriptan
-
condition: MRSA
common treatment: ??
vancomycin
-
condition: Multiple sclerosis
common treatment: ??
β interferon, immunosuppression, natalizumab
-
condition: Mycobacterium tuberculosis
common treatment: ??
RIPE (rifampin, INH, pyrazinamide, ethmbutol)
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