Gambling

• An addiction occurs when an individual feels a constant urge to use a specific substance or engage in a certain activity despite the potentially negative consequences
• Physical dependence: Evident by withdrawals or cravings when activity is unavailable
• Psychological dependence: The mental desire to experience the effects of the activity

An activity when something of value is put at risk on an uncertain or chance outcome

Gambling for social reasons and rarely going over limit. Do not experience adverse consequences

When an individual has trouble limiting the money and time spent on gambling, leading to adverse consequences

It is ranked on a continuum from recreational to problem in which symptoms vary in severity

• Diagnosable mental disorder; 5+ symptoms of DSM.
• Characterised by continuous gambling behaviour that disrupts personal, family and/or work related activities

• 1. Bailout: Receive money from family and friends to bail them out
• 2. Risked relationships: Leaving child in car
• 3. Escape: Escape from problems of daily/personal life
• 4. Withdrawal: Unpleasant psychological/physical reactions when activity is reduced
• 5. Chasing: Run after loses; will not walk away
• 6. Lying: To conceal the extent of gambling (Reactive - in response to questions; Deceptive - planned in advance)
• 7. Loss of control: Several unsuccessful attempts to stop gambling
• 8. Illegal activity: To obtain money
• 9. Preoccupation (salience): At least 2+ weeks thinking about gambling
• 10. Tolerance: Increased size of bets/time spent