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Functional classifications of joints
- Synarthrotic
- Amphiartrotic
- Diarthrotic
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Structural classifications of joints
- fibrous
- cartilagenous
- synovial
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Synarthrosis
- apposing structures are closely bound by tough connective tissue
- relatively immobile, therefore quite stable
- e.g. skull sutures
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synostosis
- lit. a union made of bone.
- e.g. skull suture joints
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apposing structures are closely bound by tough connective tissue
relatively immobile, therefore quite stable
e.g. skull sutures
Synarthrosis
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Amphiarthrosis
- apposing structures are bound by fibrous connective tissue or hyaline cartilage
- moderately mobile and stable
- e.g. pubis symhpysis, tibio-fibular joint
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apposing structures are bound by fibrous connective tissue or hyaline cartilage
moderately mobile and stable
e.g. pubis symhpysis, tibio-fibular joint
Amphiarthrosis
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Diarthrosis
- apposing structures are highly mobile but relatively unstable
- has a synovial capsule
- also called a synovial joint
- e.g. like, anything you can move.
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apposing structures are highly mobile but relatively unstable
has a synovial capsule
also called a synovial joint
e.g. like, anything you can move.
Diarthrosis
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A synarthrotic, fibrous, synostotic joint is a
sutural joint
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A synarthrotic, fibrous joint that's like a peg and socket is a
gomphosis
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An amphiarthrotic, fibrous joint held together with an interrosseous membrane is a
syndosmosis
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interosseous membrane
- lit. membrane between bones
- e.g. tibio-fibular and radio-ulnar joints
- AKA syndosmosis
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syndosmosis
- lit. a union made up of membrane
- AKA interosseous membrane
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An amphiarthrotic, cartilagenous joint where hyaline cartilage bind opposing surfaces together is a
- synchondrosis
- e.g. 1st sternocostal joint
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synchondrosis
- li. a union made of cartilage
- hyaline cartilage binds opposing surfaces together
- e.g. 1st sternocostal joint
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An amphiarthrotic, cartilagenous joint where bone ends covered in hyaline cartilage are held together by a fibrocartilagenous disk is a
- symphysis
- e.g. pubis symphysis, intervertebral disks
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the structures that make up a synovial capsule
joint capsule, joint cavity, synovial fluid, articular cartilage
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A diarthrotic, synovial joint that is triaxial and moves with a gliding motion is a
- plane or irregular joint
- e.g. carpals
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a diarthrotic, synovial joint that is uniaxial and only performs flexion is a
- hinge joint
- e.g. interphalangeal joints
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a diarthrotic, synovial joint that is uniaxial and only rotates is a
- pivot joint
- e.g. atlantoaxial joint (between 1st and 2nd cervical vertebrae)
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a diarthrotic, synovial joint that is biaxial, can perform flexion/extension and adduction/abduction and is made up of an oval convexity articulating with an oval concavity is a
- conyloid joint
- e.g. radiocarpal joint
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a diathrotic, synovial joint that is biaxial (sometimes contested as being triaxial) and acts like a condyloid joint but with freer motion is a
- saddle joint
- e.g. 1st carpometacarpal joint (thumb joint)
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a diarthrotic, synovial joint that is triaxial and can perform circumduction is a
- ball and socket joint
- e.g. glenohumeral joint, acetabulofemoral joint (shoulder and hip joints, respectively)
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a band of fibrous tissue which provides a strong bond between articulating bones
ligaments
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functions of ligaments
- mechanicle restraint of joint motion
- proprioception
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do ligaments sprain or strain?
ligaments sprain, muscles strain
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types of ligaments
- capsular
- accesory: intracapsular, extracapsular
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ligament that makes up the joint capsule
capsular ligament
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ligament found within the joint capsule
intracapsular ligament
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ligament found outside of the joint capsule
extracapsular ligament
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types of synovial joints
- plane or irregular
- hinge
- pivot
- condyloid
- saddle
- ball and socket
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