-
3 CONDITIONS IN THE MARE THAT PREDISPOSE FOAL TO CP ARREST? 4
- PLACENTITIS/PREMATURE MILK LETDOWN
- VAGINAL DISCHARGE BEFORE PARTURITION
- PRECOCIOUS UDDER DEVELOPMENT
- C-SECTION
-
3 INDICATIONS FOR CPCR IN A FOAL?
- APNEA
- HR <40-50
- IRREGULAR BREATHS >30
-
3 CAUSES OF ASPHYXIA IN NEWBORN FOAL 4:
- PREMATURE SEPARATION OF MEMBRANES
- TWISETED CORD
- OBSTRUCTION OF AIRWAY BY MEMBRANES
- PROLONGED DYSTOCIA
-
ROUTES OF ADMINISTRATION FOR EMERGENCY DRUGS?
-
LIST 3 NORMAL/NONPATHOLOGIC ARRHYTHMIAS OF THE NEWBORN FOAL?
- WANDERING PACEMAKER
- APC
- VPC
- ATRIAL FIB
-
IN THE FOAL, HOW MANY COMPRESSIONS/MIN FOR RESUSCITATION?
80-120
-
WHAT IS THE DRUG OF CHOICE FOR RESUSCITATION? DOSE?
EPINEPHRINE 0.01-0.02MG/KG
-
2 INDICATIONS THAT RESUSCITATION IS SUCCESSFUL?
- PLR
- CAPNOGRAPH / ETCO2 >15 → BETTER PROGNOSIS COMPARED TO PERSISTENTLY <10MMHG (NORMAL >40MMHG)
-
NORMAL HR FOR NEONATE FOAL?
70BPM
-
MAX PRESSURE OF PPV FOR 1ST BREATH IN FOAL?
30-40MMH20
-
WHAT 2 ARRHYTHMIAS WILL RESPOND TO DEFIBRILLATION?
-
SHOCK RATE FOR FOAL?
60 – 90 ML/KG
-
TX OF CHOICE FOR BRADYCARDIA IN A FOAL?
COMPRESSIONS
-
WHY IS DOXAPRAM CONTRAINDICATED IN FOALS?
- ↓CEREBRAL PERFUSION
- ↑MYOCARDIAL CONSUMPTION OF O2
-
E-LYTE ABNORMALITIES WITH URINARY OBSTRUCTION?
HYPERK, HYPONA, HYPOCL
-
HOW MANY COMPRESSIONS : BREATHS/MIN TO ENSURE ADEQUATE CO?
10-20 BPM
-
WHEN CAN YOU D/C CPCR IN A FOAL?
- HR >60
- SPONTANEOUS BREATHING
-
DURATION OF GLYCOGEN STORES IN FOAL?
2 HOURS (STANDING @ 1HR, POOP @ 3)
-
WHAT IS THE BEST METHOD FOR RESPIRATORY SUPPORT IN A FOAL?
NASOTRACHEAL TUBE
-
WHAT DRUGS ARE CONTRAINDICATED IN A FOAL?
- SODIUM BICARB
- ATROPINE (BRADYCARDIA NOT VAGALLY MEDIATED)
- CA GLUCONATE (DISRUPTS MYOCARDIAL FUNCTION)
- HIGH DOSES OF EPI (BASED ON HUMAN NEONATE REPORTS)
-
WHAT ARE 3 VARIABLE C/S OF HYPOVOLEMIA IN THE FOAL?
- TACHYCARDIA
- COLD EXTREMITIES
- WEAK PULSES
- MM
-
WHAT IS THE LONGEST DURATION 100% O2 CAN BE ADMINISTERED W/O SIGNS OF TOXICITY?
24-48HRS (ABSOLUTE LONGEST- TOXICITY OCCURS AT THIS TIME)
-
-
2 REASONS FOR ↑CREAT IN FOAL?
- HYPOVOLEMIA(COMPROMISED PLACENTAL FUNCTION IN UTERO MAY AFFECT ABILITY TO ACCURATELY PREDICT HYPOVOLEMIA)
- RUPTURED BLADDER
-
WHAT IS THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF CARDIAC ARREST IN FOAL?
HYPOVOLEMIA
-
MOST POTENT BRONCHODILATOR IN HORSES?
ATROPINE
-
LOCATION FOR THORACOTOMY WITH PNEUMOTHORAX?
ICS 12-13
-
LOCATION FOR THORACOTOMY WITH PLEURAL EFFUSION?
ICS 6-8
-
COMPLETE OR INCOMPLETE MEDIASTINUM IN HORSES?
INCOMPLETE- FENESTRATIONS LOCATED CAUDOVENTRALLY AND CAN BECOME OBSTRUCTED WITH FIBRIN
-
CAUSES OF ARTERIAL HYPOVENTILATION?
- TRUE SHUNT
- DIFFUSION IMPAIRMENT
- VQ MISMATCH
- R → L SHUNT
-
WHICH OF THE ABOVE CANNOT BE CORRECTED?
R → L SHUNT
-
WHAT IS FLAIL CHEST?
3+ RIBS FRACTURED IN 2+ LOCATIONS
-
PPV IS INDICATED WHEN PAO2 REACHES..?
<60MMHG
-
HOW DOES PNEUMOTHORAX LEAD TO HYPOXEMIA (I THINK THAT’S HOW SHE WORDED THE Q)?
↑PRESS IN THORAX →↓PRELOAD → ↓ CO
-
RELATIVE TO THE RIB, WHERE ARE INTERCOSTAL VEINS/ARTERIES/NERVES LOCATED?
CAUDALLY
-
WHAT ARE THE 2 MOST COMMON RESPIRATORY DISORDERS OF ICU P’S?
- RESPIRATORY DISTRESS (SNAKE BITES, HEAVES)
- PLEURAL PNEUMONIA
-
3 COMPLICATIONS OF DRAINING PLEURAL FLUID?
- HYPOVOLEMIA
- CLOT DISRUPTION
- PLEURITIS
- PNEUMOTHORAX
-
BENEFIT OF NEBULIZATION?
DIRECTLY ACTS ON LUNGS W/O SYSTEMIC FX’S
-
WHAT VEIN SHOULD BE USED IN THE EVENT OF JUGULAR THROMBOSIS?
LAT THORACIC
-
ART’S USED FOR ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS?
- FACIAL
- TRANS FACIAL
- CAROTID
-
PATTERN OBSERVED WITH FLAIL CHEST?
PARADOXICAL RESPIRATION
-
3 SIDE FX OF OPIOIDS IN HORSES?
- ↓GI MOTILITY/ILEUS
- HYPEREXCITABILITY
- ATAXIA
-
WHAT IS ↓ PAO2 CALLED?
HYPOXEMIA
-
WHAT IS THE MOST SENSITIVE DX FOR RIB FRACTURES?
U/S
-
WHERE WOULD YOU AUSCULTATE FOR PNEUMOTHORAX? HEMOTHORAX?
- PNEUMO: ↓SOUNDS DORSALLY
- HEMO: ↓SOUNDS VENTRALLY
-
HOW WOULD YOU DX A DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA?
U/S & RADS
-
WHICH SIDE IS PREFERRED FOR ACCESS TO THE CAROTID A’S?
- RIGHT
- TX FOR AXILLARY WOUNDS?
- PACK THE WOUND AND CLOSE (PREVENT SQ EMPHYSEMA)
-
MOST COMMON CAUSE OF PULMONARY DYSFUNCTION WITH FLAIL CHEST?
PULMONARY CONTUSIONS
-
MOST COMMON CAUSE OF NASAL OBSTRUCTION?
SNAKE BITES
-
3 LOCATIONS FOR PLACEMENT OF PULSE OX?
- NASAL ALAR FOLD
- TONGUE
- VULVA
- EAR PINNA
-
C/S OF DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA?
- DYSPNEA/TACHYPNEA
- COLIC
- EXERCISE INTOLERANCE
-
-
WHAT IS LOCATED WITHIN THE MEDIASTINUM?
- HEART
- LN
- NERVES
- GREAT VESSELS
-
WHAT FACTORS CAN AFFECT PULSE OX?
- SKIN PIGMENTATION
- MOVEMENT
- LIGHT
- ANEMIA
-
WHAT IS USALLY AUSCULTATED IN A HORSE WITH LOWER AIRWAY DZ?
CRACKLES
-
HOW CAN YOU DETERMINE IF IT IS SAFE TO REMOVE TRACHEOSTOMY TUBE?
OCCLUDE OPENING- HORSE STILL BREATHS
-
TERM FOR LUNG PAIN?
PLEURODYNIA
-
WHAT IS THE MAX FIO2 YOU CAN ACHIEVE WITH A NASAL CANULA?
~30%
-
WHAT PERCENT OF O2 IS DISSOLVED?
<1% , OXYHEMOGLOBIN IS 98.5%
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