-
MOA of nitrofurantoin
acetyl CoA inhibitor
-
MOA of bactroban
isoleucyl tRNA synthase inhibitor
-
MOA of methenamine
converted to NH3 and formaldehyde which is cidal
-
MOA of Ketek
50s inhibitor
-
MOA of tygecycline
30s inhibitor
-
drug to drug interactions of synercid
- CCBs
- PI
- NNRTIs
- vinca alkaloids
-
drug to drug interactions of macrolides
- ACED---- ORAP therapy to treat tourettes
- ACE ---- PPIs (decrease effectiveness)
- CE ---- anticoag (decr biotrans), rifampin,
- buspar
-
clinical uses of furoxone
diarrhea associated with typhoid, tourista, giardiasis due to lamblia
-
clinical uses of tetracyclines
- rickettsia
- acne
- mycoplasmodia pneumonia (PPLO)
- siadh
- amebiasis
- chlamydia
- HGE
- antienzymatic (periodontitis)
- anthrax
- apthous
- Lyme
- PUD
- Malaria
- Meningitis
- Saborrhea
- Tourista
- STDs
- Bacillary infections
-
clinical uses of teflaro
- SSSI (7-14)
- CAP (5-10)
- infection caused by staph, strep, h.flu, e.coli, kleb
-
clinical uses of linezolid
- bacteriemia caused by VRE (faecalis, faecium)
- pneumonia (CAP, Nosicomal)
- SSSI (complicated or uncomplicated)
- VISA
-
Zyvox is reserved for what conditions and at what doses are they given
- severe infections like VRE
- 600 mg q 12h (usually)
- 400 mg q 12h (uncomplicated SSSI)
-
clinical uses of Gentamicin
- osteomyelitis
- septicemia
- brucellosis
- burns
- severe UTI
- meningitis
- Pneumonia
-
clinical uses of azithromycin
- Upper and lower RTI
- STDs
- SSSI
- babesiosis
- Eye
-
ADME of Nitrofurantoin
- ROA: PO
- t1/2: 20 min
- Metabolism: liver, body tissue to inactive
- Excretion: 20-50% unchanged in GF and TS
-
ADME of doxycycline
- ROA: PO, IV
- T1/2: 15-25 hrs
- PPB: 60-90%
- Very lipid soluble
- Can be administered with food (include milk)
- Excretion: feces almost exclusively
- Distribution: CSF, amniotic fluid, ocular
-
ADME of Clindamycin
- ROA: HCL, palmitate-PO
- Phosphate- IV, IM, Top
- Distribution: wide except CSF
- PPB: > 90%
- Metabolism: N-demeth and sulfoxide (both inactive agents
- Excretion: mainly renal, sometimes biliary
-
ADME of chloramphenicol
- ROA- Palmitate- PO; Succinate- IV, Top
- Wide distribution-- also into CSF
- t1/2: 4 hrs
- Metabolism: glucoronyl transferase
- transformed- tubular secretion
- untransformed- GF
-
AE of cephalosporins
- GI, black furry tongue
- hepatic- increase liver enzymes
- hypersensitivity
- hematopoetic
- CNS
- Alcohol intolerance--disulfuran like effect
- Renal
- Pain at injection site
-
AE of polymxin B
- Neurotoxicity
- Nephrotoxicity
-
AE of aminoglycosides
- pseudomembraneous colitis
- malabsorption syndrome (neomycin)
- scotomas (streptomycin)
- hypersensitivity
- ototoxicity
- nephrotoxicity
- neuromuscular blockage
-
2nd generation cephalosporins antibacterial spectrum that they cannot treat
G+ aerobic bacilli
-
name the G- aerobic cocci and the cephalosporins used to treat them
- moraxella
- Neisseria gonorrhea
- treated with cefuroxime
-
name the G- aerobic bacilli and the cephalosporin used to treat it
- h.flu, paster, e.coli, proteus, providencia, Yersinia pestis, and enterobacter
- treated with cefuroxime
-
name the G+ anaerobic organisms and the cephalosporins used to treat them
- clostridium, pepto, peptostrepto
- treated with cefuroxime and cefamycins; cefotetan, cefoxitin, cefmetazole
-
name the G- organisms and the cephalosporins used to treat them
- bacteriodes, fusobacterium
- cefamycins used to treat; cefotetan, cefoxitin, cefmetazole
-
which cephalosporin is used to treat G+ anaerobic organisms but not G- anaerobic organisms
cefuroxime
-
how can bacteria become resistant to aminoglycosides
- mutation at 30s ribosomal subunit
- decrease uptake of aminoglycoside by organism
- -b-lactam synergism
- -O2 requirment
- Enxymatic destruction
- -adenylase
- -acetylase
- -phosphorylase
- -amikacin is resistant to adenylase and
- phosphorylase
-
how can bacteria become resistant to Synercid
- Uptake/Efflux of dalfopristin (A)
- enzymatic destruction
- -acetyltransferase (will degrade type A)
- -lactonase will degrade Type B
- -methylase prevents binding of type B
-
What are the cephalosporins that can be administered PO
- cephalexin
- cephradine
- cefadroxil
- cefaclor
- cefuroxime
- cefproxil
- cefpodoxime
- loracabef
- anspor
- cefdinir
- spectracef
- dracef
- vantin
-
cephalosporins that reach therapeutic concentrations in the bones
- anspor
- precef
- mandol
- monocid
- cefuroxime
- ceftazidime
- ceftizox
- cefoperizone
-
cephalosporins that penetrate the CSF
- cefuroxime
- rocephin
- claforan
- ceftizoxime
- moxam
- maxipime
-
cephalosporins that are likely to cause hemorrhagic episodes
- > 80% ppb and contain methylthiotetraole:
- ancef
- cefotetan
- monacid
- cefobid
-
Nitrofurantoin
- macrodantin
- furadantin
- macrobid
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
erythromycin
erythrocin, ery-tab
-
-
-
-
doxycycline
adoxa, monodox
-
minocycline
minocin, dynacin, solodyn
-
-
-
-
-
-
chloramphenicol
chloromycetin
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
aureomycin
chlortetracycline
-
-
methenamine containing anticholinergics
-
which agents can be used to treat impetigo
-
which class of antibiotics can be used to treat seborrhea
tetracyclins
-
2nd generation cephalosporin that would be effective in treating cellulitis caused by bacteriodes melaninogenicus
- cefotetan
- cefoxitin
- cefmetazole
- cefuroxime
-
only 2nd generation that can used to treat Neisseria meningitits
cefuroxime
-
which is not a true antibiotic
zyvox
-
Fanconi syndrome is an AE of which class of drugs
tetracyclines
-
grey baby syndrome is an AE of which drug
chloramphenicol
-
ototoxicity is an AE of which drug class
aminoglycosides
-
aminoglycosides should not be used to treat which organisms
- bacteriodes
- fusobacterium
- clostridium
- peptostreptococcus
-
how can resistance develop from chloramphenicol
acetyltransferase
-
chloramphenicol is universally effective against
- anaerobes
- compliment aminoglycosides
-
AE of methinamine
- abdominal cramping
- n/v
- dysuria
- urgency of urination
-
which drugs can produce a disulfiran like effect-alcohol intolerance
- cefotetan
- cefamandol
- moxalactam
- cefmetazole
- moxam
- cefobid
- furoxone
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