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what is the basis of psych testing?
inference
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What is a test?
measurement device or tehnique used to quantify behavior or aid in the understanding or predictinon of behavior
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what is an item?
- is a specific stimulus to which a person responds overtly
- *this response can be scored or evaluated
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what is a psych test?
is a set of items that are designed to measure characteristics of human beings tht pertain to behavior
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what are scales?
relate raw scores on test items to some defined theoretical or empirical distribution
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what 3 things do tests do?
-measure current behavior
-predict future behavior
-infer hidden behavior
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tests may measure _____ or ____
states; traits
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human ability tests- achievement tests
measure previous learning
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human ability tests- aptitude tests
measure potential for acquiring a particular skill
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human ability test- intelligence tests
predict future academic performance
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Wht does intelligence refer to?
person's general ability to solve problems, adapt to changing circumstances, think abstractly, and profit form experience
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What does intelligence equate?
potential not acheivement
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personality tests- What is a structured test?
there is a statement and the testee chooses a response to it from a limited set of possibilities
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personality tests- projective tests
stimulus and/or the response are ambiguous
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prnciples of psych tst- what is reliability?
refers to the accuracy, dependability, consistency or repeatability of test results
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principles of psych tst- validity?
refers to the meaning and usefulness of tests
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principles of psych tst- what is the act of giving out a test?
test administration
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What type of testing were they using be Han Dynsty?
test batteries
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in 1832, which company adopted the chineese system to select employees for overseas duty?
British East India Company
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What did the american govt established in 1883?
American Civil Service Commission
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what was the idea of establishing the American Civil Servie Commission?
-the smarter a person or the more knwoledge a person had the better that person would be able to work effectively
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What did francis galton write about in Hereditary genius?
-he beleived british upper classes had become that by having been selected for higher intelligence
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who developed that idea of mental tests?
James McKeen Cattell
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who setup a lab at the University of Leipzig in 1879?
Wilhelm Wundt
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who is credited with founding the science of pschology?
Wilhelm Wundt
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Who succeeded Wundt?
Tichner
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Which was one of the first western psych tests?
seguin form board
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What was the seguin form board orginally developed for?
to educate and evaluate mentally handicapped
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Why did the French Ministry appointed Binet and Simon?
to develop a way to identify mentally subnormal individuals
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what 3 revolutionary ideas did binet have?
-intelligence devlops
-it develops in same pattern just at a different rate
-intellignece can be measured by observing how people solve problems
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in 1905, Binet-simon scale had a...
standardization sample
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what is a norm?
a sample against which an individual's score cna be compared
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What else did Binet-Simon scale introduced?
- mntal age
- *it can be compared with chronological age
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in 1912, stern introduced the idea of making what with the mental age and chronological age?
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What did terman do to the binet-simon test in 1916? and why?
he translated the test to english bc he felt that some of the thigns were too culture specific
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what did TErman call his revised Binet-SImon test?
Standford Binet
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In the genius study, whcih characterisitc was the one that was asscoaited with greater longevity?
conscientitousness
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what was the army alpha test for?
soldiers who were literate
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what was the army beta test for?
soldiers who were illiterate
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What did david wechsler develop?
wechsler-bellvue
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what 3 things did the wechsler-bellvue introduce?
-deviation IQ
- -performance scales
- *mesured nonverbal ability
-number of scales
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what was the woodworth personal data sheet?
develpped to weed out army recruit who were likley to develop shell shock
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What year was Rorschach published?
1921
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which test did the freudians beleived was the royal road to the unconscious?
rorsachach
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is rorschach test still used often?
yes it is still one of the most used today
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What dd christina morgan and henry Murray develop?
Thematic apperception test
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Why was MMPI developemnt important?
it was the first empirically developed personality tests
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what is the shakow report and where was it made?
-foundation of formal clinical training standards in psych.
-was made at Boulder Conference
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what did the shakow report especify? (2)
-psych tests was unique function of clincial psychs
-psych tests should only be taught to dr level psych students
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Back then what were psychologists uniquely trained in?
scientific methods and the foundations of psych functions
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