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Long
- Cylindrical shaft with knobby ends
- longer than it is wide
- mostly compact bone with some spongy
- slightly curved for strength
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Short
- small, chunky, solid bones
- as wide as the are long
- mostly spongy
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Flat
- broad, flat shape
- thin bones
- two plates of compact bone with spongy between
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irregular
- Chunky, complex shapes
- varying amounts of compact and spongy bone
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Sutural, Wormian
Small, irregular bones found along cranial sutures, esp. related to the parietal bone.
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Sesamoid
- formed after birth in tendones where the tendon passes over a joint
- act to decrease friction on the tendon and may change muscular pull direction
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Fissure
- deep furrow or cleft
- e.g. superior and inferior orbital fissures in bony eye sockets
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Foramen
- perforation through bone or membrane
- e.g. vertebral foramen
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fossa
- depression
- e.g. olecranon fossa
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sulcus
- long, narrow groove, not as deep as a fissure
- e.g. sulcus tali
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meatus
- external opening of a canal
- e.g. external auditory meatus
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external opening of a canal
meatus
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long, narrow groove, not as deep as a fissure
sulcus
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perforation through bone or membrane
Foramen
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deep furrow or cleft
Fissure
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Condyle
- rounded, articular surface at the extremity of a bone
- e.g. lateral femoral condyle
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Facet
- small, smooth area on a bone
- e.g. vertebral facets
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head
- rounded extremity of a bone, OR one part of a complex muscle
- e.g. head of the femur
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rounded extremity of a bone, OR one part of a complex muscle
head
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small, smooth area on a bone
facet
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rounded, articular surface at the extremity of a bone
Condyle
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Depressions and openings
- fissure
- foramen
- fossa
- sulcus
- meatus
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processes attaching tissue
- crest
- epicondyle
- line (linea)
- spinous process
- trochanter
- tubercle
- tuberosity
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crest
- a bony ridge
- e.g. illiac crest
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epicondyle
- projection from a long bone near the articular extremity above or on the condyle
- e.g. lateral femoral epicondyle
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line (linea)
- long, narrow mark or strip, distinguished from adjacent tissue by color, texture or elevation.
- e.g. linea aspera of the posterior femur
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spinous procces
dorsal projection from the centre of the vertebral arch
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trochanter
- bony prominence at the proximal femur
- great and lesser
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tubercle
- nodule, not pathogenic
- e.g. adductor tubercle of femur
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tuberosity
- large tubercle or rounded elevation especially from the surface of bone
- e.g. deltoid tuberosity
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large tubercle or rounded elevation especially from the surface of bone
tuberosity
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nodule, not pathogenic
tubercle
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bony prominence at the proximal femurgreat and lesser
trochanter
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dorsal projection from the centre of the vertebral arch
spinous procces
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long, narrow mark or strip, distinguished from adjacent tissue by color, texture or elevation.
line (linea)
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projection from a long bone near the articular extremity above or on the condyle
epicondyle
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