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Functions of Bones
- Support
- Protection
- Movement
- Mineral homeostasis
- Hemopoeisis
- Triglyceride storage
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Parts of a long bone
- Diaphysis
- Epiphysis
- Metaphysis
- Articular Cartilage
- Periosteum
- Medullary Cavity
- Endosteum
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Shaft of a bone
Diaphysis
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Distal and proximal ends of a bone
Epiphysis
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Where the diaphysis meets the epiphysis, home to an epiphyseal plate in growing bones and an epiphyseal line in mature bones.
Metaphysis
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Layer of Hyaline cartilage where a bone articulates with another bone
Articular Cartilage
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Diaphysis
Shaft of a bone
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Epiphysis
Distal and proximal ends of a bone
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Metaphysis
Where the diaphysis meets the epiphysis, home to an epiphyseal plate in growing bones and an epiphyseal line in mature bones.
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Articular Cartilage
Layer of Hyaline cartilage where a bone articulates with another bone
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Dense, irregular connective tissue that surrounds the bone surface wherever it is not covered by articular cartilage.
Attached to the underlying bone through perforating fibers.
periosteum
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periosteum
Dense, irregular connective tissue that surrounds the bone surface wherever it is not covered by articular cartilage. Attached to the underlying bone through perforating fibers.
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perforating fibers
attaches the periosteum to the underlying bone
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Space within the diaphysis that contains yellow marrow
medullary cavity
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medullary cavity
Space within the diaphysis that contains yellow marrow
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A thin membrane that lines the medullary cavity
endosteum
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endosteum
A thin membrane that lines the medullary cavity
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Osteogenic cells
unspecialized stem cells that develop into osteoblasts
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Osteoblasts
- Synthesize and secrete the collagen fibres and other organic components needed to create a bone's cellular matrix.
- Eventually become osteocytes.
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Osteocytes
- The main cells in bone tissue.
- Maintains the bone's daily metabolism
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Osteoclasts
- huge cells concentrated in the endosteum
- releases powerful lysosomal enzymes and acids that digest the protein and mineral components of the underlying extracellular matrix resulting in resorption
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The act of breaking down the extracellular matrix of a bone.
Performed by osteoclasts
resorption
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The strongest form of Bone tissue
Makes up the bulk of the diaphysis
Provides protection and support
Compact bone tissue
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Compact bone tissue
- The strongest form of Bone tissue
- Makes up the bulk of the diaphysis
- Provides protection and support
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Blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves from the periosteum penetrate compact bone tissue through:
perforating canals
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perforating canals
Blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves from the periosteum penetrate compact bone tissue through:
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Rings of calcified extracellular matrix surrounding the central canal
concentric lamellae
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concentric lamellae
Rings of calcified extracellular matrix surrounding the central canal
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A tubelike cylinder consisting of a central canal with it's concentrically arranged lamellae, lacunae, osteocytes and canaliculi.
Aligned along same directions as lines of stress in compact bone.
Osteon
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Osteon
- A tubelike cylinder consisting of a central canalwith it's concentrically arranged lamellae, lacunae, osteocytes and canaliculi.
- Aligned along same directions as lines of stress in compact bone.
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Makes up most of the bone tissue of short, flat and irregular bones.
Forms most of the epiphysis of long bones
Spongy bone
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Spongy bone
- Makes up most of the bone tissue of short, flatand irregular bones.
- Forms most of the epiphysis of long bones
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Lamellae arranged in an irregular lattice of thin columns.
what spongy bone is made of.
trabeculae
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trabeculae
Lamellae arranged in an irregular lattice of thin columns.what spongy bone is made of
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Two differences between spongy bone and compact bone tissue.
- 1. Spongy bone is is light, allowing the entire bone to move more readily when pulled by a skeletal muscle
- 2. The trabeculae of spongy bone support and protect red bone marrow.
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Where hemopoeis occurs
red bone marrow
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Where triglyceride is stored
yellow bone marrow
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Types of bones
- long
- short
- flat
- irregular
- sesamoid
- sutural
- wormian
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