Ch. 2 Terms - Pathophysiology for the Health Professions

Localized pocket of purulent exudate in a solid tissue, like a tooth or in the brain.

Bands of scar tissue that are joining two surfaces that are normally separated.

Loss of appetite

Released when tissue injury occurs from damaged mast cells and platelets, inlcuding histamine, seratonin, prostoglandins, and leukotrienes.

When leukocytes are attracted to an area of inflammation to release their contents.

Protein that is the basic component of scar tissue and provides strength for the new repair.

Shortening of a muscle or scar tissue causing immobility and deformity of a joint or structure.

Passing of leukocytes through intact capillary walls to a site of inflammation.

Rate at whichred blood cells sediment in a period of one hour.  It is a common hematology test, and is a non-specific measure of inflammation.

Collection of interstitial fluid formed in the enflamed area.

Fibrinogen is a protein produced by the liver. This protein helps stop bleeding by helping blood clots to form.

Exudates that are thick and sticky and have a high cell and fibrin content and usually increases the risk of scar tissue in the area.

Connective tissue cells

can be a corticosteroid or steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and are synthetic chemicals that are related to naturally occurring glucocorticoids produced by the adrenal cortex gland.  Beneficial anti-inflmmatory effects.

Grows into the gap from nearby connective tissue in the healing process.

Small mass of cells with a a necrotic center and covered by connective tissue may develop around a foreign object such as a splinter, or as part of the immune response in some infections such as tuberculosis.

Percentage of erythrocytes in a blood sample.

Formation of bloodcellular components.

Movement of fluid, electrolytes, oxygen, and nutrients out of the capillary at the arteriolar end.

Increased blood flow to an area.

Non-specific agents that protect uninfected cells against viruses.

Into a joint

Cell enzymes that are found in the blood in the presence of severe inflammation.  May be helpful in locating the site of necrotic cells that have released the enzymes into the tissues and blood.

A white blood cell, aka neutrophil

Increase in WBCs.

Vulture cells that randomly engulf bacteria, cell debris, or foreign matter.

Feeling unwell

A white blood cell, aka leukocyte

Osmotic pressure is the pressure which needs to be applied to a solution to prevent the inward flow of water across asemipermeable membrane.

Erosion through the wall

When substances are more easily able to move into the interstitial space.

Process by which neutrophils and macrophages randomly engulf and destroy bacteria, cell debris or other foreign matter.

Exudates that are thick and yellow-green in color and contain more leukocytes and cell debris as well as microorganism, usually part of a bacterial infection, called pus.

Fever

Release of these results in fever.  Can be WBCs or macrophages.  Circulate in the bloodstream and cause the body temperature control system in the hypothalamus to be reset at a higher level.

Healing process in damaged cells that are capable of mitosis.

Takes place when there is extensive damage or the cells are incapable of mitosis, by connective tissue or scar formation.

In a healing process, when there is minimal tissue damage and cells recover in a short period of time.

High content of fibrinous content in an area.

Watery exudates consisting primarily of fluid with small amounts of protein, usually happening with burns or allergic reactions.

Shrinking of the scar tissue that may cause shortening or narrowing of structures.

Open, crater-like lesion on the skin or mucous membranes.

Relaxation of smooth muscle causing an increase in diameter of arterioles.