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Innate Immunity
Natural or Native immunity
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Normal Flora
A spectrum of nonpathogenic microorganisms
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Chemotactic Factors
Diffuse a site of inflammation and attract phagocytic cells to that site.
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Kinin System
Closely with coagulation system
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Bradykinin
- Dilation of BV
- Works with Prostaglandins for PAIN
- Smooth muscle cell to contraction
- Increases vascular permablilty
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Fribrinolytic System
Limit size of the clot and remove the clot after bleeding has ceased
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Lymphocytes
- Natural killer
- Acquired immune response; B and T Cells
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Cytokines
- Proinflamatory or anti-inflammatory
- Short distances
- Fever
- Enchance response
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Interleukins
Macrophages and lymphocytes due to PRR
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Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha
- Secreted by macrophages in response to TLR
- Fever
- Sythesis of inflammation
- thrombosis
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Interferons
Limit spread of the virus
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Mast Cells
Located in loose CT close to BV
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Histamine
- Temp, rapid constriction of sm. muscle and dilation
- Increased blood Flow
- Vascular permiablility
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Leukotrines
- Histamine like effects:
- Sm. muscle contraction
- Increased vascular permeablilty
- Later Stage
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Prostaglandins
- Increased vascular permeability
- Neutrophil chemotaxis
- Pain on nerves
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Neutrophil
- Phagocyte in early inflammation
- Purelent or Pus
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Macrophages
Clean up debris by phagocytosis
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Phagocytes
Neutrophils and Macrophages
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Chemotaxis
Directed migration
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Acute Inflammation
Vascular changes
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Serous Exudate
- Early or mild inflammation
- Watery
- Few plasma protein or leukocyte
- ie. blister
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Fibrinous Exudate
- Thick and clotted
- ie lungs of ind. w/pnuemonia
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Purulent Exudate
- Large # of leukocytes accum.
- consits of pus
- Cysts or abscess
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Hemmorrhagic Exudate
- Bleeding occurs
- filled w/erythrocytes
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Fever
- Cytokines
- Endogenous pyrogens
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Pyrogens
Act on hypothalamus aka thermastat
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Leukocytosis
Increase in # of WBC
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Chronic Inflammation
- Lasting longer than 2 weeks
- ie. splinter and glass
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Granuloma
Wall off and isolate
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Inflammatory phase
- Coagulation and infiltation of cells that participate in wound healing
- Platelets, neutrophils, and macrophages
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Proliferation Phase
Macrophage recruitment of fibroblasts
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Wound Contraction
Extensions from the PM of myfibroblas establish connections between neighboring cells.
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Dehiscence
wound pulls apart at suture line
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