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accounts payable module
tracks purchases, creditor positions, and the hotel's banking status
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Accounts Receivable Module
monitors outstanding balances of guests accounts
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automatic coursing
a POS system function that automatically send orders to the kitchen simultaneously based on course
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call accounting system (CAS)
a property management system interface that enables a hotel to take control over local and long-distance telephone services and to apply a markup to switchboard operations
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Competitive advantage
an advantage that can be established via product differentiation, used technology, lower production costs, or use of market segmentation
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Electronic locking system (ELS)
interfaces with a property management system and allows the front desk to control t he locking of rooms electronically
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Energy Maintenance System (EMS)
electronically monitors guest rooms temperatures
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FInancial Reporting Module
tracks accounts receivable, accounts payable, cash, and adjusting enteries
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Guest accounting module
front office application software that maintains guest accounts electronically. The guest accounting module increases the hotel's control over guest accounts and significantly modifies the night audit routines.
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Interface
connection and interaction between hardware, software, and the user
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inventory module
automates several internal control and accounting functions
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payroll accounting module
handles job codes, employee meals, uniform credits, tips, taxes, and other data that affect the net pay of employees.
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Point-of-sale (POS)
network of terminals that are combined with cash registers, bar code readers, optical scanners, and magnetic strip reader for instantly capturing sale transactions. In restaurants, these systems manage the ordering and delivery of all menu items in one ore more restaurants and/or bars.
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production differentiation
the art of applying technology to produce a feature or product that is unique.
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property management system (PMS)
set of computer programs that directly relate to a hotel's front office and back office activities
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Purchasing module
enhances management's control over purchasing, ordering, and receiving practices
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Reservation module
front office application software that enables an hotel to rapidly process room requests and generate timely and accurate rooms, revenue, and forecasting reports
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room mangement module
front office application software that maintains up-to-date information regarding the status of rooms, assists in the assignment of rooms during registration, and helps coordinate many guest services.
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E-comerce
all aspect of business and market processes enabled by the Internet and web based technology
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Electronic date interchange (EDI)
transfer of data between different companies using networks such as the Internet. Ad more and more companies are connected to the Internet, EDI is an increasingly important mechanism for companies to buy, sell, and trade information.
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Entertainment system
addresses the technology needs of multi-property hospitality organizations, such as hotels and restaurants chains as well as management companies.
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Electronic distribution
Selling product or series over the Internet or some other electronic medium. Hospitality electronics distribution includes the GDS and Internet-based sales channel.
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Extranet
portion of a public website that gives a company's corporate and business partners access to a password- protected portion of the site. A website administrator assigns access parameters for what documents, discussions, and areas can be viewed.
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Global Distribution System (GDS)
electronic networks used by travel agents and some Internet-based distribution channels to make airline, hotel, car rentals, and cruise ship reservations.
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High-Speed Internet Access (HSIA)
Any one of a variety of services that provide hast access to the Internet. The most common and cost-effective type of HSIA include DSL and cable modem services. Cable modem services are generally provided by a local cable TV provider and utilizes cable facilities to provide fast Internet access. Other forms of HSIA include satellite, private data line, and frame relay services
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HyperText Transfer Protocol (http)
set of file download commands embedded within the hypertext markup language used to place text, graphics, video, and other information displays on the World Wide Web.
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Internet
interconnected system of networks that share standards and protocols connecting computers around the world
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Internet distribution system (IDS)
Internet-based services providing consumers with the ability to book airline, hotel, car rental, and cruise ship reservations
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intranet
portion of a public website partitioned and password- protected for access by employee or special workgroups. This private, secure site is used to share documents, calendars, and event information. An intranet site is an ideal online communication tool for centralizing important company information, posting documents, creating schedules, and announcing events.
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Online Social Network (OSN)
a virtual community of people with similar interest and/or activities
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proxy URL
alternative addresses for a company's website that all point to the same main web page.
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search engine
software that reads indexed websites and creates lists and links to sites that match a user's inquiry
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server
controls the flow of information along a network and establishes a gate-way to other computer networks
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Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
designates the Internet address of a site, usually the site's homage
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World Wide Web (www)
a user-friendly part of the Internet that offers incredibly rich combination of text, images, sound, animation, and video
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cursor
a flashing marker on a display screen that indicates where the next character to be entered will appear.
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hard copy
a printed paper copy of system-processed information
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impact printer
an electronic printer, such as a dot matrix printer, that prints character by character and line by line
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ink jet printer
an electronic nonimpact printer that works by spraying a minute and finely controlled jet of ink onto paper. The ink (carbon) is electrically charged as it is sprayed on to the paper. Once charged, the jet of ink can be moved around by electric fields in much the same way that an electron beam is used to produce a picture on a television
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laser printer
a high-speed electronic nonimpact printer similar in appearance to desktop photocopying machines. While other printers print one character at a time, laser technology enables these devices to print an entire page all at once
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monitor
a system output device that is usually capable of displaying both text and graphics in soft copy. Also, these output units may be programmed to various foreground and background color combinations while operating many software applications.
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nonimpact printer
a category of electronic printers that includes thermal, ink jet, and laser printers
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scanner
a system input device capable of translating a page of text into a machine-readable format by converting the images on a page into digitized information that the system can recognize
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soft copy
output on a monitor that cannot be handled by the operator or be removed from the system
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touchscreen terminal
a terminal that contains a unique adaptation of a screen and a special microprocessor to control it. The self-contained microprocessor displays data on areas of the screen that are sensitive to touch.Touching one of the sensitized areas produces an electronic charge that is translated into digital signals telling what area was touched for transmission to the microprocessor. THis signal also instructs the microprocessor to display the next screen
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voice recognition
a form of input that coverts spoken data directly into electronic form suitable for processing
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bus system
the electronic circuity over which pose, data, addresses, and other signals travel.
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central processing unit (CPU)
the control center of a system. Inside are the circuits and mechanisms that process and store information and send instructions to the other system components.
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dual-core processing
a CPU containing two microprocessors that permits more effective multitasking of separate applications running simultaneously or of a single dual-core application written to take advantage of multi-threading
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expanded memory
the additional memory capacity that resides outside the system's basic memory. It can be accessed in revolving blocks, and is available as add-on boards that are inserted into one of the system's expansion slots
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extended memory
memory that reaches beyond a system's basic limits; usually required for advanced multitasking (running several applications simultaneously)
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gigahertz (GHz)
a unit of electrical frequency equal to one billion cycles per second; used to measure the speed of a system's central processing unit
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hardware
a system term referring to the physical equipment of a system. Hardware is visible, movable, and esay to identify. I order to have a system, three hardware components are required; an input/output (I/O) component, an CPU, and an external storage device
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megahertz (MHz)
a unit of electrical frequency equal to one million cycles per second; used to measure the speed of a system's CPU
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nonvolatile memory
memory that holds its content without power. a term describing ROM (read only memory); programs stored in ROM are not lost when the system is turned off or otherwise loses electrical power
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Operating system
responsible for orchestrating the hardware and the software within the system. It establishes the system's priorities and directs its resources to accomplish desired tasks.
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Random access memory (RAM)
a portion of the internal memory of a system that holds a temporary version of the programs or data that users are processing.
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Read-only memory (ROM)
a portion of the internal memory of system that holds a permanent record of information that the system needs to use each time it is turned on.
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read/write
a system is said to "read" when it takes data in for processing and "write" when it sends processed data out as information. RAM is often described as read/write memory; the user can both read from RAM and write to RAM
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software
a system term referring to a set of programs that instructs or controls the operation of the system's hardware components. Software programs tell the system what to do, how to do it, and when to do it.
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USB
Universal Serial Bus; a peripheral device connector hat is much faster than parallel or serial ports.
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volatile memory
a system term used to describe RAM. When the memory device loses electrical power, or is deliberately turned off, all user data stored in RAM is lost. IN order to save data in RAM for future use, the user must instruct the system to save it on a nonvolatile storage device
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formatting
a process that creates the tracks and sectors of a disc on which the system is able to read and write information
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hard disk
external storage device that are much faster to use and store far greater amounts of information than magnetic disks. Hard disks are permanently online to the system
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magnetic disk
external storage media, also called diskettes or floppies, frequently used for shipping data and programs from one location to another. They are made of thin, flexible plastic that is protected by a jacket. The plastic is coated with a magnetized oxide compound designed to hold electronic information. The size of the disk (8inch, 5-and-1 quarter inch, or 3-and 1/2inch) depends on the type of system used
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random access medium
a characteristic of an external storage medium (such as magnetic disks) permitting data to be stored in any available location on the disk. Since the tracks and sectors of the disk are numbered, the system allows a user to access stored data quickly and easily.
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Sequential access medium
a systems term referring to an external storage medium, such as a magnetic tape, which stores data in chronological sequences.
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USB drive
a data storage device that connects to a USB port
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zip disk
compresses data to conserve storage space and requires a unique sip drive to operate
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bridge
a hardware component of the Internet that connect two or more networks that use the same data transfer protocol. a bridge makes attached networks appear to operate as a single network. The purpose of a bridge are to extend network capabilities and to isolate network traffic.
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Cloud computing
term used to describe off-premises, as opposed to onsite automation
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gateway
a hardware component of the Internet that provides a means for two incompatible networks to communicate. A gateway simply converts the sending system's request into a format that the receiving system can understand.
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network
a configuration of workstations that enables users to share data, programs, and components devices (such as monitor and printers)
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router
a hardware component of the Internet that directs massages between different areas of the Internet.
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WiFi network
a local area network that uses a wireless transmission protocol.
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