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that, if, before, after, until, unless, whether, as soon as, in case, when, where and while
Never use comma before this conjuctions!
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and
but
A comma is always used before the conjunctions
Her name is Françoise, and she was born in France
Make sure that the word but or and is a conjunction (is followed by the subject and the verb
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All the other conjuctions
comma is optional
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Countable nouns - quantity words - plural
Many, a few/few, fewer/ fewest, amount
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Uncountable nouns - quantity words- singular
Much, a little/little, less/least, amount
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Words that describe number and amount
Great, large, small
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Words that describe percent,percentage,score, rate
High, low
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When to use "of" in gerund
- Approve of- approving of
- Confess of-confessing of
- Dispose of-disposing of
- Consist of-consisting of
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Words that cannot be used in passive voice
Evolve, double, derive, originate, graduate
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Intensity adverbs
Very, rather, so, quite, little, a little, much, far ....
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Frequency adverbs
Constantly, permanently, always, often, frequently, temporarily, usually, regularly, sometimes, occasionally, rarely, seldom, never
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Gradually/eventually
Exceptional adverbs of manner that function like the adverbs of frequency
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Degree adverbs
Only, nearly, hardly, scarcely, just, barely, certainly, definitely, even, typically, virtually, almost, totally, fully, specifically, originally, primarily, also, mere, a mere
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exceptional adjective and adverb with same endings
lovely, friendly, lively, costly, early
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special adjective to adverb transformation
good (adj.) -> well( adv.)
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hard(adj.)
- hard (adverb) same meaning
- hardly (adverb) means almost not
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late(adj.)
- late(adv.)
- lately(adv.) -> recently
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high(adj.)
deep(adj.)
- high(adv.)
- deep(adv.)
- deeply(adv.) very much
- highly(adv.) very much
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wide(adj.)
- wide(adv.)
- widely(adv.) all over
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flat(adj.)
- flat(adv.)
- flatly(adv.) exactly
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mere (adj.) Simple
mere / a mere (adv) as little as / as few as (only)
merely(adv) simply
- a/mere+ number = correct
- merely+ number = wrong
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any part of speech after the linking verbs or thier infinitives turns into adjective:
- be, become
- get,grow -> only when they mean become
- remain
- stay-> only when it means remain
- seem
- appear-> only when it means seem
- consider
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any part of speech after the verbs of senses or their infinitives turns into adjective
feel, smell,taste, look, sound
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Can be only conjunction
because, therefore, altough, even tough, tough,thereby
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common prepositions
including, regarding, concerning, according to, during
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prepositions and conjunctions to remmber
- prepositions: conjunctions:
- in spite of altough
- despite even tough
- despite of - wrong! tough
- Because of ( בגלל) Because(מפני ש)
- till untill
- but(חוץ מ) but(אבל)
- for( בשביל) for(מפני ש)
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