Follow an acceptable standard of practice for a particular clinical entity and refrain from unnecessary intervention that may worsen an underlying symptom presenting in a geriatric syndrome
Cycle of Frailty
Wt loss of < 10 lbs in one year or 5% of body weight in one year
weakness as measured by grip strength
self-reported poor stamina and exhaustion
inability or great difficulty walking 15 feet
low physical activity level
Cascade Iatrogenesis
the spiraling, unintended decline of health from a series of severe effects caused by medical intervention that have been used to solve the previous symptoms or conditions
Iatrogenic complications
unable to walk without assistance
low cognition
highest in the oldest patients
Cascade iatrogenesis
related sequence of two or more serious adverse events resulting from a diagnostic, prophylactic or therapeutic intervention
an error of omission involving a reasonable clinical standard
an accidental injury occurring in a hospital standard
Atypical presentation
vague presentation of illness
altered presence of illness
non-presence of illness
Those at greatest risk for developing atypical presentation
Older adults over age 85
those with multiple comorbidities and medications
those older adults with cognitive or functional impairment