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Slips
- Lapse that results in substance use
- Common for substance users attempting to achieve abstinence
- Important not to conceptualize slips as failures.
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Relapse
Return to heavy substance use following a period of abstinence or moderate use.
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Relapse Prevention
- Relapse happens to many people who have undergone treatment.
- The most popular relapse-prevention model is based on social-cognitive psychology and incorporates both a conceptual model of relapse and a set of cognitive and behavioral strategies to prevent or limit relapse episodes.
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Relapse Prevention model
- Cognitive and behavioral approaches: Interventions strategies:
- identifying specific high risk situations
- increasing client's self-efficacy
- eliminating myths about substance
- managing lapses
- restructuring the client's perceptions of the relapse process.
- Global strategies: balancing client's lifestyle, develop "positive addictions," management skills, developing relapse road maps.
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Social Skills and Assertiveness trainting
- Skills necessary for interacting effectively with others.
- Social skills: Non verbal skills and assertiveness skills.
- Behavioral rehearsal, modeling, feedback, and psycho-education.
- Assertiveness training: form of social skills training designed to help the individual deal with interpersonal conflicts and other problems in a manner that is appropriately assertive.
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Stress Management
- Stress is a major contributor to the initiation and continuation of substance use and relapse.
- Stress and substance abuse mediated by: Common neurochemical systems, serotonin, dopamine and opiate peptide systems and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
- Treatment techniques: foster coping skills, problems solving skills, social support
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