Physiology-Chapter 1

Properties that can't be predicted to exist based only on knowledge of the system's individual components.

It is a collection of cells that carry out related functions.

It states that if the amount of a substance in the body is to remain constant, any gain must be offset by an equal loss.

It is the amount of that certain substance in the body.

It is the elimination of material from the body and is usually through urine, feces, lungs, or skin.

It is any product created in a metabolic pathway.

Kidney and Liver

The rate at which a substance disappears from the blood.

Saliva, sweat, breast milk, and hair

When cells in the vicinity of the change initiate the response.

When cells at a distant site from the change control the response.

Stimulus--> Sensor--> Input signal--> Integrating center--> Output signal--> Target--> Response

• When the response opposes or removes the signal. 
• This type of feedback helps regulate a certain condition, or in other words, maintain homeostasis.
• They can restore the normal state but can't prevent the initial disturbance

When the response reinforces the stimulus rather than decreasing or removing it.

It is when there are anticipatory responses that predict when a change is going to occur (like when you salivate).

It is the natural adaptation of physiological processes to a given set of environmental conditions.

It is the artificial adaptation of physiological processes to a given set of environmental conditions.