Cells and Tissues - 1

  1. What is the function of the serous membrane and serous fluid?




    C) Reduce friction between visceral organs
  2. What is the name of the process whereby a cell duplicates itself by dividing?




    D) Mitosis
  3. Ultimately, energy for ATP synthesis comes from where?




    B) Breakdown of foods
  4. For which of the following cells is the statement true: All of the cells that a person has and will have for his entire life are present at birth?




    B) Muscle cells
  5. Which is not connective tissue?




    C) Squamous epithelium
  6. Which is not a function of epithelial tissue?




    A) Exchanges of gases
  7. Which of the following is not part of a cell?




    A) Hyaline cartilage
  8. Which of the following best describes a progression of the levels of organization of the human body from simple to complex




    B) Cells, tissues, organs, systems and organism
  9. Which of the following is mainly of dense fibrous connective tissue?




    B) Tendon
  10. Which is not considered connective tissue?




    D) Myeloid (bone marrow or spinal cord)
  11. What type of cells are in the nervous system?




    A) Neuroglia

    The supportive tissue of the nervous system, including the network of branched cells in the central nervous system (astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes) and the supporting cells of the peripheral nervous system (neurilemma and satellite cells). Also called glia.
  12. What type of tissue forms serous membranes?




    B) Epithelial 

    Serous membranes: a mesothelial tissue that lines certain internal cavities of the body, forming a smooth, transparent, two-layered membrane lubricated by a fluid derived from serum. The peritoneum, pericardium, and pleura are serous membranes.
  13. Types of fibers located in dense fibrous tissue




    A) Collagen

    • (contains bundles of white collagen fibers)
    • Dense fibrous tissue: compact, strong, inelastic bundles of mostly parallel collagenous fibers that are glistening white.
  14. What does osseous tissue store?




    A) Calcium

    • Osseous (bone)
    • *major structural and supportive connective tissue
  15. What is the defining characteristic of all epithelial tissue?




    C) Avascular

    *without blood flow
  16. What is the function of epithelial tissue?




    D) All of the above
  17. What is another word for areolar tissue?




    C) Loose connective tissue

    areolar: relating to or like or divided into areolae; "areolar tissue"
  18. Where can you find chondrocytes?




    D) Cartilage

    • *Condros = cartilage
    • chondrocytes: cell that has secreted the matrix of cartilage and become embedded in it.
  19. What does blood tissue contain?




    D) All of the above
  20. What type of tissue is red bone marrow?




    C) Hemopoietic

    hematopoietic: pertaining to the formation of blood or blood cells; "hemopoietic stem cells in bone marrow"
  21. Nerve tissue is derived from which type of derm layer?




    B) Ectoderm

    *most exterior layer
  22. What is the most widespread and abundant tissue in the body?




    D) Connective

    *connective tissue is a fibrous tissue.
  23. Where can you find hemopoietic tissue




    D) All of the above
  24. Which of the following tissue primary characteristic stretches in all directions?




    D) Epithelial
  25. What is the type of white fibrous tissue called

    A) Bone
    C) Ligament
    D) Epithelial
    D) Muscle
    C) Ligament
  26. What is composed of dense fibrous connective tissue?




    A) Tendon
  27. What is the most vascular tissue in the body




    C) Skeletal
  28. What are two major characteristics of nervous tissue




    D) Irritability and conductivity
  29. Which of the following describes the structure of the plasma membrane of a cell?




    B) Two lipid layers arranged tail to tail in which protein molecules float
  30. Which of the following are permeable




    D) Water and most lipid-soluble molecules

    Permeable: allowing liquids or gases to pass through it.
  31. What is Cytosol




    A) The liquid portion of the cytoplasm

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  32. Main function of microvilli on the cell membrane




    A) Increase cell's surface area of absorption

    microvilli: tiny hairlike folds in the plasma membrane that extend from the surface
  33. About two-thirds of the fluid in the hum body is contained inside body cells. What is this fluid called?




    C) Intracellular fluid
  34. What is interstitial fluid?




    C) The portion of extracellular fluid that fills microscopic spaces between cells of tissue
  35. What is it called when a pressure gradient forces fluid or dissolved particles across the cell membrane?




    C) Filtration
  36. At what phase of mitosis does the centromere separate and chromatids become individual chromosomes that move to opposite sides of the cell?




    • B) Anaphase
    • Anaphase: stage of cell division in which the chromosomes move away from one another to opposite poles of the spindle.

    Prophase: first stage of cell division, before metaphase, during which the chromosomes become visible as paired chromatids and the nuclear envelope disappears. 

    Metaphase: second stage of cell division, between prophase and anaphase, during which the chromosomes become attached to the spindle fibers.

    Telophase: the final phase of cell division, between anaphase and interphase, in which the chromatids or chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are formed.
  37. What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?




    B) Mitosis doubles the number of chromosomes while meiosis haves the number of chromosomes.
  38. Where in the cell are the organelles?




    A) In the cytoplasm

    (organelles are specialized structure of a cell, such as a mitochondrion, Golgi, lysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosome, centriole, chloroplast, cilium, or flagellum)
  39. Which part of the cell contains a variety of digestive enzymes and has demolition site as it’s nick name



    B) Lysosome
  40. 44. Which part of the cell is the site of most ATP production and has the nickname power house of the cell?




    A) Mitochondria
  41. Which part of the cell is studded with ribosomes and provides vesicles to transport synthesized protein?




    C) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
  42. Which part of the cell functions is to metabolize lipids as well as provide detoxification of a variety of harmful substances?




    C) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
  43. 48) What is the part of the cell modifies and packages proteins and has traffic director as its nickname?




    A) Golgi complex or Golgi apparatus
  44. Which part of the cell is the site for protein synthesis?




    B) Ribosome
  45. Which of the following is the term for a cell that does not have a nucleus?




    D) Prokaryote

    • Karyote - nucleus
    • Pro - before
  46. What is the name given to a spherical bodies inside the nucleus of a cell that produces ribosomes?



    A) Nucleoli
  47. Which of the following are the small spindle-like organelle that supervise cell division and aid in distributing DNA during cell division?



    A) Centrioles
  48. The Sodium-potassium is part of the active transport process. What is the essential of the function of the sodium-potassium pump?




    A) Normal transmission of nerve cell impulses requires the sodium-potassium pump to move sodium ions out of the cells and potassium ions into the cell
  49. Which is the name for the process of cell drinking by which fluids are engulfed by the cell?




    B) Pinocytosis
  50. What is the definition of histology




    B) The study of tissue
  51. What are pleura, pericardium, and peritoneum?



    • C) Serous membranes (serosa)
    • tissue that lines certain internal cavities of the body, forming a smooth, transparent, two-layered membrane lubricated by a fluid


    • Pleura- each of a pair of serous membranes lining the thorax and enveloping the lungs 
    • pericardium- membrane enclosing the heart, consisting of an outer fibrous layer and an inner double layer of serous membrane
    • peritoneum- the serous membrane lining the cavity of the abdomen and covering the abdominal organs.
  52. Which tissue is characterized as having rapid cell division to replace injured dead cells?




    C) Epithelial tissue
  53. From what kind of tissue do endocrine and exocrine glands develop?





    (Endocrine and exocrine glands develop from epithelial tissue
    B) Epithelial tissue

    (Endocrine and exocrine glands develop from epithelial tissue)

    • Endocrine - secrete  hormones, directly into the blood (ductless glands) The main endocrine glands include the pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thyroid gland, and adrenal glands 
    • En - in (no ducts)

    Exocrine - secrete their products (excluding hormones and other chemical messengers) into ducts (duct glands) Ex - Exit
Author
fidelforde
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231887
Card Set
Cells and Tissues - 1
Description
Cells and Tissues Practice Study Guide Exam 1
Updated