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Pectoralis Major OINA
- O: Clavicular head: Anterior half of the medial aspect of the clavicle. Sternal Costal head: Sternum, superior sic costal cartilages, aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle.
- I: Lateral lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus
- N: Lateral and medial (shared with pec minor) pectoral n.
- A: Adducts and medially rotates the humerus
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Pectoralis Minor OINA
- O: Ribs 3-5 near the costal caritlages
- I: The coracoid process of the scapula
- N: Medial pactoral n.
- A: Stabilizes scaupla against thoracic wall.
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Subclavius OINA
- O: Rib 1, and costal cartilage
- I: Inferior surface of the middle third of the clavicle
- N: Subclavius n.
- A: Anchors and depresses the clavicle
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Serratus Anterior OINA
- O: Upper nine ribs
- I: Anterior surface medial border of the scapula
- N: Long thoracis n.
- A: Protracts and upwardly rotates the scapula
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What is the function of the axilla?
Provides passage way for the large nerves and vessels of the arm.
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What forms the apex of the axilla?
The clavicle, superior border of the scapula and first rib. They form an opening for the nerves and vessels to pass through.
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What forms the anterior wall of the axilla?
Pectorails Major and minor
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What forms the posterior wall of the axilla?
Subscapularis, Teres major, Latissumus dorsi
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What forms the medial border of the axilla?
Serratus Anterior
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What forms the lateral wall of the axilla?
Humerus, coracobrachiallis, long head of the biceps brachii
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What forms the base of the axilla?
The axillary fascia
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What passes through the axilla?
The axillary vessels and their branches. Parts of the brachial plexus and their branches.
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What is the brachial plexus?
It is the nerves that combine to innervate the shoulder and upper extremity.
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What forms the brachial plexus?
The ventral primary rami of C5-T1
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What are the three trunks and which ventral rami contribute to them?
- Upper: C5 and C6
- Middle: C7
- Lower: C8 and T1
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How are the trunks of the brachial plexus divided?
They all have anterior and posterior divisions.
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What are the 3 cords of the brachial plexus?
- Lateral: Anterior division of upper trunk and middle trunk
- Posterior: All three posterior divisions
- Medial: Anterior from the lower trunk
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Draw the brachial plexus and label which muscles the brached innervate.
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What arterter passes trough the deltopectoral opening along with the cephalic v?
The poctoral branch of the thoraco-acromial a. The lateral pectoral nerve also passes through this opening.
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What is the name of the membrane that seperates the pectoralis major and minor?
The clavipectoral fascia.
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To which side of the intertubercular groove does the petoralis major attach?
It attaches to the lateral side. The Teres Major and Latissimus Dorsi attach to the inner crest.
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Name the branches of the axillary artery in descending, and their branches if they have any.
- Axillary a.
- -Superior Thoracic a
- -Thoracoacromial a.
- -Pectoral branch
- -Deltoid branch
- -Clavicular branch
- -Acromial branch
- -Lateral Thoracic branch
- -Subscapular branch
- -Circumflex scapular branch (Triangluar space, anestomoses with the suprascapular a.)
- -Thoracodorsal a.
- -Posterior Circumflex humeral a. (Quadrangular space)
- -Anterior circumflex humeral a.
- -Profunda brachii a. (traiangular interval)
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What does the superior thoracic a. supply?
The first 2 intercostal spaces
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Name the branches of the thoracoacromial a.
- Deltoid a.
- Pectoral a.
- Clavicle a.
- Acromial a.
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What does the lateral thoracic a. supply?
The anterolateral wall of the thorax.
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What are the branches of the subscapular a. and what do they supply?
- The circumflex dorsal a. (anastomoses with the suprascapular a. in the infraspinatus fossa)
- Thoracodorsal a. (supplies the latissimus dorsi)
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When does the axillary a. become the brachial a.?
When it passes throught the teres major.
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