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colligative properties
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colligative property?
any property of a (aq) that
s when the [(aq)] /
s
B.P. elevation ↑ the [(aq)] → ↑ B.P. of the (aq) B.P. elevation-Reason for B.P. ↑ ?
adding (solu) ↓ vapor pressure of (aq) due to fewer # of molecules @ surface of (aq) that can vaporize
B.P. elevation-Reason for B.P. ? adding (solu) ? vapor pressure of (aq) due to fewer # of
molecules @ surface of (aq) that can vaporize
?Tb= Kbm
(Eqn for relationship btwn [ ] & B.P.) ?Tb= ? in B.P.
Kb= ebullioscopic constant (0.52°C/m for H20)
m= effective molality of (s)
effective molality molality of the particle in the (aq)
effective molality-covalent compounds: effective molality-covalents = same as regular molality, bc the
molecules don't ionize in H20
effective molality-ionic compounds: effective molality-ionics = (regular molality) x (# of ions in
compound)
colligative properties-
M.P. depression (aq)s melt @ lower temps than (l)s bc the (s) molecules disturb the
intermolecular forces btwn the solvent molecules
disturbing im. forces btwn solvent molecules? less E needed to break up the solid
(Eqn. for relationship btwn [ ] & M.P.) ?Tf= Kfm
?Tf= ? in freezing point
Kf= cryoscopic constant (1.86°C/m for H20)
m= effective molality
Note: rules for effective molality = same used for B.P.
colligative properties-
Vapor Pressure ? the > conc. a (aq) = the lower the vapor pressure
colligative properties-
osmotic pressure ? osmotic pressure= force w/ which a pure (s) moves across a semipermeable
barrier/membrane into container w/ a (aq)
osmotic pressure ?-Reason for osmotic pressure ? occurs bc (solv) tend to diffuse across barriers in
ways that ? ? the difference in [ ]
Note
: > differrence in [ ] = stronger force of osmosis
colligative properties-
conductivity of electricity electrolytes= (aq)s able to conduct electricity
electrolytic (aq)s= (aq)s where ionic compounds are the (solu)
more [(ionic aq)]= ? ability to conduct electricity
bc. ? # of ions present= ? # of e- able to move
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Author
directlyobservable
ID
231662
Card Set
colligative properties
Description
colligative properties (Vapor pressure depression, B.P. point elevation, M.P. depression, Osmotic pressure)
Updated
2013-08-28T03:46:09Z
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