-
SCIENTIFIC METHOD
- A CONTINUOUS PROCESS BY WHICH PEOPLE LEARN ABOUT THE
- PHYSICAL UNIVERSE & SHARE THE KNOWLEDGE WITH OTHERS (OBSERVATION, ASK A
- QUESTION, DEVELOP HYPOTHESIS, MAKE A PREDICTION; PERFORM EXPERIMENT).
-
THEORY
- – FORMAL IDEA BASED ON MANY OBSERVATIONS, EXPERIMENTS, &
- TESTS.
-
SCIENCE
- - TOOL FOR
- UNDERSTANDING OUR PHYSICAL WORLD AND BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
-
GRAVITATIONAL FORCE
- DEFINITION OF GRAVITY – A FORCE FOUND THROUGHOUT THE
- UNIVERSE
FG=(G*MASS1*MASS2)/DISTANCE
-
NEWTON’S LAW OF
MOTION
- 1ST LAW – A MOVING OBJECT WILL CONTINUE MOVING IN
- A STRAIGHT LINE AND AT A CONSTANT SPEED AND A STATIONARY OBJECT WILL REMAIN AT
- REST, UNLESS ACTED ON BY AN UNBALANCED FORCE.
- 2ND LAW – THE ACCELERATION PRODUCED ON A BODY BY A
- FORCE IS PROPORTIONAL TO THE MAGNITUDE OF THE FORCE AND INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL
- TO THE MASS OF THE OBJECT
- 3RD LAW – FOR EVERY ACTION THERE IS AN EQUAL AND
- OPPOSITE REACTION
-
LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS
- 1ST LAW:
- IN AN ISOLATED SYSTEM, ENERGY CAN BE TRANSFORMED BUT CANNOT BE CREATED
- OR DESTROYED
- -
- 2ND LAW: ENTROPY OF AN ISOLATED SYSTEM NEVER DECREASES
-
TYPES OF ENERGY
- ·
- CHEMICAL –
- AN ENERGY THAT CAN BE RELEASED DURING A CHEMICAL REACTION
- ·
- KINETIC –
- THE ENERGY POSSESSED BY AN OBJECT DUE TO ITS MOTION
- ·
- POTENTIAL
- – THE ENERGY OF AN OBJECT DUE TO ITS POSITION IN SPACE
- ·
- GRAVITATIONAL – (POTENTIAL ENERGY) – ENERGY
- ASSOCIATED WITH THE POSITION OF A MASS IN A GRAVITATIONAL FIELD
THERMAL - THE RANDOM KINETIC ENERGY OF ATOMS AND MOLECULES
-
TYPES OF HEAT
TRANSFER –
- CONDUCTION – TRANSFER
- OF HEAT ENERGY BY MICROSCOPIC DIFFUSION & COLLISION OF MICROSCOPIC
- PARTICLES, EX – METAL
- CONVECTION – THE TRANSFER OF HEAT BY
- THE BULK MOTION OF A SUBSTANCE, EX – WATER
- RADIATION – TRANSFER OF HEAT BY
- ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION, EX- ELECTRIC HEAT
-
MAGNETIC FIELDS
- A CURVED PATTERN OF FORCES THAT ATTRACT OR REPEL MAGNETS (2
- POLES, N&s, CALLED DIPOLE, CAN BE PRODUCED BY MOVING ELECTRICAL CHARGES)
-
ELECTRIC FIELDS
- CURRENTS
- CAN BE PRODUCED BY CHANGING MAGNETIC FIELDS
-
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
- DIFFERENT FROM OTHER TYPES OF WAVES BECAUSE THEY TRANSFER
- ENERGY WITHOUT TRANSFERRING MASS.
-
DOPPLER EFFECT
- DESCRIBES THE WAY FREQUENCY OF A WAVE APPEARS TO SOUND FROM
- MOVING SOURCE (IF THERE IS A MOTION BETWEEN THE WAVE SOURCE & THE OBSERVER,
- EX-AMBULANCE)
-
PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS
- – AN
- ORGANIZATIONAL SYSTEM ARRANGED BY ATOMIC WEIGHT & ELECTRON ARRANGEMENT; ATOMIC # DEFINES THE SEQUENCE IN TABLE &
- NUMBERED ACCORDING TO COMPOSITION (GAS/LIQUID/SOLID)-REFERRES TO #PROTONS IN
- NUCLEUS
-
ELEMENTS
CHEMICAL SUBSTANCE THAT CAN’T BE BROKEN DOWN ANY FURTHER
-
ATOMS
SMALLEST PARTICLE THAT RETAINS ITS CHEMICAL IDENTITY
-
MOLECULES
- COLLECTION
- OF 2 OR MORE ATOMS BOUND TOGETHER.
-
NUCLEUS
SMALL MASSIVE CENTRAL PART OF AN ATOM
-
PROTONS
- POSITIVELY
- CHARGED NUCLEAR PARTICLE
-
NEUTRON
- ELECTRICALLY
- NEUTRAL NUCLEAR PARTICLE
-
ION
ELECTRICALLY CHARGED ATOM
-
ELECTRONS
- ATOMIC
- PARTICLE WITH NEGATIVE CHARGE & LOW MASS
-
BONDS
- ·
- COVALENT –
- IN WELL DEFINED CLUSTERS OF ATOMS WHERE THE ELECTRON PAIR ARE SHARED
- ·
- HYDROGEN
- – A BOND THAT MAY FORM WHEN POLARIZED HYDROGEN ATOMS LINK TO OTHER ATOMS BY
- A COVALENT BONDF OR IONIC BOND
- ·
- IONIC - CHEMICAL BONDS IN WHICH THE ELECTRICAL FORCE BETWEEN 2 OPPOSITELY CHARGED IONS HOLD THE ATOMS TOGETHER (FORMS CRYSTAL LATTICE HOLD TOGETHER BY HYDROGEN BONDS
-
ENDOTHERMIC
ENERGY (HEAT) THAT IS ABSORBED
-
EXOTHERMIC REACTIONS
- ENERGY
- IS RELEASED IN THE FORM OF HEAT OR LIGHT
-
ELECTRICAL CONDUCTANCE
- THE
- EASE WITH WHICH ELECTRONS CAN FLOW THROUGH A MATERIAL
-
ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE
- PHENOMENOM OF ELECTRONS MOVING THROUGH A METAL COLLIDING
- WITH IONS OF THAT METAL. SOME ENERGY IS
- THEN LOST IN THE COLLISIONS & IS CONDUCTED TO FASTER IONIC VIBRATIONS
-
COMPUTERS
- BASIC UNIT IS TRANSISTOR; OPERATES SEQUENTIALLY, SOMETIMES
- PARALLEL, BUT LIMITED IN NUMBER
-
HUMAN BRAIN
- – BASIC
- UNIT IS A NERVE CELL; HIGHLY CONNECTED MORE THAN ANY KNOWN SYSTEM
-
ISOTOPES
- ATOMS WHOSE NUCLEI HAVE THE SAME NUMBER OF PROTONS BUT A
- DIFFERENT NUMBER OF NEUTRONS
-
NUCLEAR FISION
- THE SPLITTING OF A NUCLEUS
- EX) POWER PLANT, NUCLEAR BOMBS
-
NUCLEAR FUSION
- PROCESS IN WHICH 2 ATOMS OF HYDROGEN COMBINE TOGETHER, OR
- FUSE, TO FORM AN ATOME OF HELIUM
-
ENERGY SOURCE OF STARS
NUCLEAR FUSION
-
SCIENTIFIC NAMES
GENUS(HOMO)-SPECIES(SAPIENS)
-
LIVING THINGS
- REQUIRES LIQUID WATER, MAINTAIN A HIGH DEGREE OF ORDER &
- COMPLEXITY, PART OF LARGER SYSTEM, DEPENDS ON CHEMICAL REACTIONS THAT TAKE PLACE IN THE CELLS& DEVELOP, REGULATE ENERGY USE, SHARE A GENETIC CODE, DESCENDED FROM A COMMON ANCESTOR
-
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS
- LINNEAN CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM (KING PHILLIP CAME OVER FOR
- GREAT SPAGETTI – KINGDOM, PHYLUM, CLASS, ORDER, FAMILY, GENUS, SPECIES)
-
CELL MEMBRANES
- OUTER LAYER, COMPOSED OF A DOUBLE LAYER OF ELONGATED
- MOLECULES CALLED LIPIDS
-
ORGANELLES
- SPECIALIZED
- STRUCTURES WITHIN A CELL - ENERGY
-
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
- THE MECHANISM BY WHICH PLANTS CONVERT ENERGY OF SUNLIGHT
- INTO ENERGY STORED IN CARBOHYDRATES PROVIDES THE CHEMICAL ENERGY OF MOST
- SPECIES
-
-
ENZYMES
- A MOLECULE THAT FACILITATES REACTIONS BETWEEN TWO OTHER
- MOLECULES, BUT WHICH IS NOT ITSELF ALTERED OR TAKEN UP IN THE OVERALL ACTION
-
DNA
- DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC;
- BUILT WITH ADENINE, GUANINE, CYSTONINE, THYMINE
-
RNA:
- RIBONUCLEIC;
- BUILT WITH ADENINE, GUANINE, CYCSTONINE, & URICILL
-
CANCER
- UNREGULATED
- REPRODUCTION OF CELLS IN TISSUES OR ORGANS
-
WHICH PHASE DESCRIBES ELECTRICAL RESISTANCES
-
-
DISCIPLINE OF THE SCIENCE
-
WHAT KIND OF ENERGY DOES A PERSON NOT EXPERIENCE DURING SKYDIVING
CHEMICAL
-
FUNDAMENTAL DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES & OTHER WAVES
EM WAVES TRANSFER ENERGY WITHOUT TRANSFERRING MASS
-
-
5 KINGDOMS
PLANTS -ANIMALS- FUNGI
PROSTISTA - SINGLE CELL, NUCLEUS
MONERA - SINGLE CELL, NO NUCLEUS
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