PACOP1--Biochemistry.txt

The inhibition in a concompetitive reaction:1. Competes with the active site of the enzyme2. Binds simultaneously with substrate other than the active site3. Increases the rate of reaction4. 2 and 3

2

The order and sequence of amino acid in a polypeptide determines what protein structure?

Amino acids that cannot be synthesized in the organism are called _______

Which hormone regulates the level of blood sodium?

It is a precursor of vitamin A

What is the precursor of vitamin D?

Which of these class enzymes introduces a double by the removal of hydrogen?
1. Dehydrogenase
2. Dehydrolase
3. Decarboxylase
4. Lipase

The ionic property of amino acid is exhibited by its
1. Zwitterion form
2. NH2 group
3. COO group
4. Positively charged group

All of the following are simple proteins except
1. Glutelins
2. Globulins
3. Albumins
4. Glycoproteins

The simplest monosaccharide is

Denaturation of protein is a result of

Competitive inhibition is a _______ reaction?
1. Reversible
2. Irreversible
3. pH and temperature
4. NOTA

In the Seliwanoff's test, the reaction of resorcinol and acid on the sugar forms

High concentration of neutral salts causes the precipitation of proteins. This is called

The type of enzyme inhibition reaction whereby the inhibitor competes with the substrate at the active site.

The following are waxes except:
1. Beeswax
2. Sperm oil
3. Bile acids
4. Lanolin

The inactive form of enzymes are called

Which amino acids have no alpha amino group?

An enzyme is a substance which acts as a

Milk curdling enzymes present in gastric juice of infants

Carbohydrates are
1. Polyhydroxyaldehydes/polyhydroxyketones
2. Polyhydroxy acids
3. Hemiacetals
4. Polymers of amino acids

Insulin is usually classified as
1. Protein
2. Enzyme
3. Hormone
4. Carbohydrate

What amount of glucose is present in the human blood?
1. 60-90 mg/100 mL
2. 5-6 g/100 mL
3. 2% of the total human body wt
4. NOTA

Is is the organelle which serves as the site of electron transport chain

The end product of the hydrolysis of glycogen is

Iodine test is a reaction which may be used to identify carbohydrates. The reaction is due to
1. Presence of the free aldehyde group
2. Presence of alcohol group
3. Presence of amylose portion
4. Presence of glucose

Benedict's reagent yield positive result to

Hypertonic solutions will cause the cell to

Rancidity of fats maybe due to this process

The deficiency of this hormone causes diabetes mellitus

The active proteolytic enzyme in gastric juice is

The site of oxidation reaction in electron transport chain is in the

Protein digestion starts in the

The conversion of an amino acid to sugar is

Which of the following is not an amino:
1. Leucine
2. Choline
3. Valine
4. Glycine

The protein part of the enzyme molecule is the

Optimum temperature for the enzyme activity in the body.

Glucose is stored in the liver as

The enzyme conformation adapts to the incoming substrate in this theory

The process of converting glucose into glycogen is called

All are pyrimidine bases except
1. G
2. C
3. U
4. T

Glucose, amino acid, and fatty acid enter the citric acid cycle by their conversion into

A hormone which stimulates glycogenesis

Chemicals extracted from organism such as bacteria can inhibit growth or destroy other microorganism

The gland or tissue that regulates the blood glucose level

Which vitamin is formed in the body by exposure to UV irradiation or sunlight?

Excess vitamin A and D is stored in the body, but excess vitamin B and C is readily excreted. What property shows this?
1. Vit C and B are water-soluble
2. Vit A and D are fat-soluble
3. 1 and 2
4. NOTA

It is the entire genetic make up of an organism

The vitamin which is used in the prevention of degenerative changes

It is a model which best explains the enzyme-substrate action

The activation of pepsinogen requires

DNA is primarily found in the

It is the enzyme which hydrolyzes starch to dextrin and maltose

A synthetic DNA is called

Hydrolysis of ATP is an
1. Energy-requiring reaction
2. Energy-producing reaction
3. No energy is involved
4. Energy is absorbed

Which of the following is a characteristic of lipid?
1. Zwitterions
2. Amphiphilic
3. Hydrophobic
4. Hydrophilic

It is a condition that results when sugar level is below normal.

An example of globular protein
1. Albumin
2. Collagen
3. Fibrin
4. Silk

Complementary base pairs in the DNA double helix are bonded by

Which nitrogen base is not found in DNA?

An organic cofactor in an enzyme
1. Vitamins
2. Coenzymes
3. AOTA
4. NOTA

At what stage of glucose oxidation is most of the energy produced

The best known building blocks of RNA and DNA are
1. Purines
2. Pyrimidines
3. Fatty acids
4. 1 and 2

It is responsible for storage and transmission of genetic information

Buildup of urea in the kidney is called

The transfer of genetic information from DNA by the formation of mRNA

What is the end product of electron transport chain?

The enery producing reaction

The sugar involved in DNA

It is the molecule that directs the activity of the cells

The common metabolic pathway is

Rosenheim's is used to detect the presence of

Detects the presence of alpha amino acids

The process of producing fats from acetyl CoA is called

The following are test reagents to detect the presence of amino acids, except:
1. Grignard's
2. Xanthoproteic
3. Millon-Nasse
4. Sakaguchi

The condition that lowers the pH of the blood due to starvation is called

The substance responsible for the emulsion of fats is

Hubl's solution if used to ascertain degree of

IUPAC name of acrolein

The positive indication for the presence of glycerol in acrolein test

Cerebrosides are positive in the following tests, except

Osmic tests is used to detect the presence of _______ in lipids

The most sensitive chemical test to detect the presence of cholesterol

The following are phospholipids except
1. Plasmalogen
2. Lecithin
3. Cephalin
4. Choline

A mixed triglyceride contains

The central compound found in the structure of sphingolipids

Lipid whose specific test is the Furter-Meyer test

Precipitate of _______ indicates the presence of phospholipids in the lipid sample.

The following are glycolipida except
1. Globotides
2. Phosphatides
3. Gangliosides
4. Cerebrosides

The parent compound oh phospholipids

A non-pentose sugar which is also.positive for Tollen's phloroglucinol test

A reagent present in Molisch test which is responsible for the dehydration reaction

ID test to detect the presence of.glycogen

The only sugar that readily forms insoluble osazone crystals

Important structural material found in the exoskeletons of many lower animals

Hydrolysis of osazones produces

General term for a group of polysaccharides present in the primary cell wall.

Specific test for galactose due to the formation of highly insoluble crystals

Type of RNA which serves as template for the amino acid sequence being synthesized

Positive indication for anthrone test

Differentiating test between helical and linear polysaccharides

The difference between Benedict's and Barfoed's test reagent lies in thr

Hydrolytic product of chitin

Glucose and fructose are

The complementary of CGACCTGAT

Alkaline bismuth reagent is used to detect the presence to

Action of dilute alkali on sugars

The following are the components of DNA nucleosides except
1. Phosphoric acid
2. Sugar
3. Adenine
4. Cytosine

Central dogma wherein RNA molecule is used as template for the synthesis of DNA molecule

The following proteins are present in egg white except
1. Ovomucin
2. Ovoglobuln
3. Albumin
4. Osseomucoid

Anaerobic glycolysis occurs in the

Ketogenic amino acids
1. Leucine
2. Tyrosine
3. Phenyalanine
4. AOTA

Osazone test is also known as

Genetic defect characterized by mental retardation and cataract since the unmetabolized sugar is toxiic to the lense of the eyes

Body functions of lipids
1. Transformation into proteins and carbohydrates
2. Catabolism to provide body with heat and energy
3. Insulation and paddings for organs
4. AOTA

Pyridoxine is a compound of this enzyme

The following are neutral amino acids except
1. Methionine
2. Lysine
3. Threonine
4. Leucine

In man the principal end product of protein metabolism is

Condition wherein acetone accumulates in the blood

Glutamine is a ________ amino acid.

Oxidation product of ketone bodies

Phosphoprotein found in egg yolk

Amino acid positive for Sakaguchi reaction

Histidine is negative for
1. Pauly reaction
2. Sodium nitroprusside
3. Ninhydrin
4. Xanthoproteic

An official simple protein obtained from corn

Principle involved in the isolation of casein milk

Process of converting liver glycogen to blood glucose

Genetic information is stored and carried in all cells by

Principal site for the synthesis of urea

Pentose present in gum Arabic

Which of the following is responsible for the transfer of genetic information
1. ATP
2. GTP
3. DNA
4. RNA

Only form of inorganic nitrogen which can be utilized by living cells

The following are essential amino acids except
1. Tyrosine
2. Lysine
3. Methionine
4. Arginine

The chief end product of protein metabolism

The principal end product of protein metabolism

Presence of glucose in appreciable amounts in the urine

The following are tests for kidney efficiency, except
1. Phenylsulfophthelein test
2. Urea clearance test
3. Water output test
4. Crystallization methos

Growth hormone is also known as

What is the anticodon in tRNA that corresponds to the codon ACg in mRNA

Condition wherein bile pigment is present in excess in the blood

The following are non-essential amino acids except
1. Glycine
2. Leucine
3. Cysteine
4. Glutamine

Principal digestive constituents of the gastric juice

Condition wherein the concentration of uric acid accumulates in blood reaches as high as 15mg%

The study of the composition and the chemical processes occurring in the living matter is

What is wobble
1. A mechanism that allows for a peptide extension in the 50S subunit of the ribosome
2. The ability of certain amino acids to pair with codons that differ at the 3rd base
3. An error in translation induced by streptomycin
4. Thermal motions leading to local denaturation of thw DNA double helix

The most important function of HCl in the stomach is
1. Hydrolysis of protein
2. Neutralization of chyme
3. Activation of pepsinogen
4. Destruction of bacteria
5. Stimulation of pancreatic secretion

Transamination is

The lipid that is converted to vitamin D2 upon irradiation

The metabolic degradation of hemoglobin takes place principally in

The amino acid that is an important precursor of hemoglobin

Serine is converted to ethanolamine by the removal of

Ninhydrin gives blue coloration wihh
1. Proteins
2. Carbohydrates
3. Amino acids
4. Simple sigars

Which is the monomer unit of proteins?

The proteinase that is found mostly in gastric juice of young animals

Conjugated proteins which are a combination of amino acids and carbohydrates

Gamma decarboxylation of aspartic acid produces

Rotation of polarized light is caused by solutions of all amino acids except

It is a disease due ti proteib deficiency

Which of the following amino acids is not essential in mammals

The following are examples of chromoprotein except
1. Chlorophyll
2. Hgb
3. Cytochrome
4. Heparin

For the amino acid cysteine, choose the appropriate description of ita side chain
1. Acidic
2. Basic
3. Aromatic
4. Sulfur containing

Which of the following amino acids has a net positive charge at physiologic pH?
1. Cysteine
2. Glutamic acid
3. Lysine
4. Valine

Sickle cell anemia is the clinical manifestation of homozygous genes for an abnormal Hgb molecule. The mutational event responsible for the in the beta chain is

When starches are heated they produce

Which is the incorrect statement?
1. Ribose is an aldopentose
2. Maltose is a ketohexose
3. Galactose is an aldohexose
4. Glucose is an aldohexose

The reducing property of sugars is due to this group

The monosaccharide most rapidly absorbed from the small intestine

A condition known as atherosclerosis resulrs as an aaccumulation in the blood vessels of

Ketoses can be differentiated from aldoses by this test

The clinical test for the determination of cholesterol
1. Liebermann-Burchard
2. Salkowsi
3. AOTA
4. NOTA

Concentrated dehydrating acids change monosaccharides to

A mucopolysaccharide which possesses an anticoagulant property

What is the test for reducing sugars in the urine?

Lactose canbe differentiated from fructose by

Polymers that are responsible for the metabolic capabilities and morphology of organisms are

The product obtained from the partial hydrolysis of collagen

The main carbohydrate of the blood is

A normal value of glucose in the blood

Butter becomes rancid upon exposure to air due to formation of

The cholesterol molecule is
1. An aromatic ring
2. A straight chain acid
3. A steroid
4. A tocopherol

Which of the following is a phospholipid:
1. Glycogen
2. Prostaglandin
3. Sphingomyelin
4. Oleic acid

The passage of the end productsof digestion from the small intestine into the blood stream

Endocrine gland that is a small oval body situated at the base of the brain

Cellular elements of the blood devoid of a nucleus

It is the sum total of all activotirs directed towards thr maintenance of life

Thia substance accumulates in the muscles as a result of vigorous exercise

A common iintermediate of mmetabolism of carbohydrates, fatty acids, and amino acids is

The principal site of glucose production in the human body is

The major buffer of the extracellular fluid

Separates from cells when blood iis coagulated

Glycolipids found in high concentrations in the brain and nerve cells especially in the myelin sheath

Alcohol in the body is
1. Oxidized to CO2 and HOH
2. Excreted mainly by lungs
3. Excreted by kidneys
4. Excreted by large intestines

Which if the following tissues contains the enzyme G6Pase and is able to supply glucose to the blood

Complete digestion of all foodstuffs occurs in the

This compound is not a normal constituent of urine
1. Sodium chloride
2. Albumin
3. Urea
4. Uric acid

Decomposition of carbohydrates brought about by the action of enzymes liberating ethyl alcohol and CO2

Blood clotting can be prevented by

Thia hormone elevates blood sugar concentration

Deficiency in this vitamin causes red blood cell fragility

The end product in the hydrolysis of glycogen

In which form is glucose stored in the liver?

Which of the followinf is not an ID test for proteins and amino acids
1. Ninhydrin
2. Bial's
3. Biuret
4. Xanthoproteic

What vitamin deficiency causes pellagra?

All are pyrimidine bases except
1. Cytosine
2. Thymine
3. Uracil
4. Guanine

The sugar that yields only.glucose when hydrolyzed is

Which of the following is not a B complex vitamin?
1. Folic acid
2. Nicotimic acid
3. Riboflavin
4. Ascorbic acid

The following sugars are aldohexoses except
1. Fructose
2. Galactose
3. Glucose
4. Mannose

All the amino acids below contain sulfur except
1. Cystine
2. Methionine
3. Cysteine
4. Glycine

The following are essential fatty acids except
1. Oleic acid
2. Linoleic acid
3. Linolenic acid
4. Arachidonic acid

This test detects the presence of two or more peptide bonds

This vitamin easily undergoes oxidation

The end product if anaerobic glucose metabolism

The inactive form of an enzyme is called

Photosynthesis is a process involved in tbe manufacture of

The major exteacellular cation is

Which sugat will not fice a red precipitate with cupric oxide when.heated with Benedict's solution?
1. Glucose
2. Sucrose
3. Maltose
4. Fructose

Night blindness is a symptom of a deficiency in this vitamin

The activation of pepsinogen requires

Nucleosides upon hydrolysis will yield
1. Adenine and PO4
2. Quanine and PO4
3. Histones and ribose
4. Cytosine and ribose

Protein digestion starts in the

Major form of utilizable energy in all cells

Which of the following supplies the highest amount of energy per gram

The following are proteins in.milk except
1. Rennin
2. Casein
3. Lactoalbumin
4. Lactoglobulin

The conversion of beta carotene to vitamin A is carried out in the

This sugar is called an invert sugar

What type of sugar is found in nucleic acids?

The biochemical function of hemoglobin is

The following enzymes catalyze hydrolysis reactions except
1. Proteases
2. Esterases
3. Transaminases
4. Nucleases

Porphyrins are involved in the building of

What is the sweetest sugar?

Information and control.centers of the brain

Hydrolysis of nucleoproteins will yield
1. Nucleic acids and histones
2. Nucleic acids and sugar
3. Nucleic acid and purine
4. Nucleic acid and pyrimidines

The condition wherein protein is founs in the urine

Alpha hydroxy propionic acid is

This test detects the presence of indole rings

The steps of central dogma states

Reverse transcription takes place in

The number of chromosomes in the.human cells is

Digestion of starch starts in the

The ordered steps in protein synthesis are

Genetic code is
1. Universal
2. Compoaed of 3 nucleotides
3. Continuous
4. AOTA

What is transamination

Dextran is
1. Carbohydrate
2. Glucose polymer
3. Glycoside
4. Protein

A genetic disease due to defective mechanism for pyrimidine dimers

The type of RNA molecule thay brings amino acids to the site of protein synthesis

Most allergies are caused by
1. Error in immune system
2. Histamines produced by the body
3. Dust
4. AOTA

RNA which plays an important role in the structure and biosynthetic function of ribosome

In the secondary structure of RNA
1. Adenine always pairs with thymine
2. Cytosine always pairs with thymine
3. Cytosine always pairs wirh uracil
4. Adenine always pairs with uracil

A nucleic acid is made up of

Bond between 2 amino acids

Which of the following is not a test for protein
1. Acrolein
2. Biuret
3. Millon
4. Xanthoproteic

Acetyl CoA combines wjth oxaloacetate to form

The proteins that make the fur, wool, claws, and feathers

Liquid vegetable oils may be transformed into solid fats by the process of

The chemical messengers produced by the endocrine glands

It is the sugar found in milk

Prostaglandins are synthesized from

Amino acid at an isoelectric point exists as

The color of the skin, hair, and eyes is due to thr pigment called

Starches are partially digested in the mouth by

The only element in living matter that form strong multiple bonds is

Serotonin is derived from this amino acid

Alkaline hydrolysis of fat

The main center in the bosynthesis of nucleic acid is

Normal pH of blood

Known as good cholesterol

Bloos minus ita cellular components

Which of the following is not an amino acid?
1. Leucine
2. Choline
3. Valine
4. Lysine

Are fibrous proteins except
1. Keratin
2. Histones
3. Elastin
4. Collageb

The precursor of vitamin A is

Are globular proteins except
1. Collagen
2. Serum albumins
3. Serum globulins
4. Hemoglobin

A type of antibodies thay plays a inportant role in allergic response which causes anaphylactic shock, hay fever, and asthma

An inherited disease thay affects red blood cells

Are esters of fatty acids with glycerol

The metallic salt of a high fatty acid

The following are enzymes found in pancreatic juice except
1. Papain
2. Trypsin
3. Chymotrypsin
4. Carboxypolypeptidase

The following are pathological constituents in urine except
1. Glucose
2. Albumin
3. Creatinine
4. Blood

All of the following carbohydrates are considered polysaccharide except
1. Heparin
2. Starch
3. Glycogen
4. Maltose

Which of the following hormones promotes rapid glycogenolysis in both liver and muscle
1. ACTH
2. Glutemine
3. Epinephrine
4. Prolactin

Fruity odor of urine is indicative of acetone bodies, a diagnostic value in case of acidosis is

Rotation of polarized light is causds by solutions of all of the following amino acids except
1. Alanine
2. Glycine
3. Leucine
4. Valind

The precursor of vitamin D3

The enzyme present in the stomach which hydrolyzes proteins

The reaction that takes place in the cytoplasm
1. Aerobic
2. Anaerobic
3. Oxidation
4. Reduction

Compounds of protein with a carbohydrate component

What amino acid functions as a hormone?

The pathway that occurs in the mitochondria
1. Urea cycle
2. Citric acid cycle
3. Glycolysis
4. Fatty acid cycle

Carbohydrates that cannot be hydrolyzed to compounds with simpler molecules

In the metabolism of protein the liver
1. Synthesizes amino acids
2. Breaks down amino acid
3. Absorbs blood
4. Stores amino acids

What is the stage of glucose oxidation thay requirdes oxidation?

An important protein in conteactile muscle

Which is the main constituent of the group substance in the connective tissue

Raffinose, an important non-reducing sugar, is a

Non-protein molecules that are often associated with proteins are called

They are chemical messengers

It is a polysaccharide
1. Lactose
2. Maltose
3. Amylose
4. Fructose

Which sugar contains an aldehyde group?
1. Ketose
2. Aldose
3. Sorbitol
4. Mannitol