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Lines that circle the earth parallel to the Equator and measure the distance north or south of the equator in degrees.
Lines of Latitude
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Parallels north of the Equator
North Latitude
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Parallels south of the Equator
South Latitude
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Another name for lines of Latitude
parallels
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Another name for Lines of Longitude
Meridians
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Lines that circle the earth from Pole to Pole. They measure distances east or west of the starting line.
Lines of Longitude
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The starting line that lies at 0 degrees longitude on the earth, and runs through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich England.
Prime Meridian
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Places east of the Prime Meridian
East Longitude
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Places West of the Prime Meridian
West Longitude
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For precise readings, each degree of latitude and longitude are subdivided into 60 units called_____________.
minutes.
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a specific place on earth
location
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The exact spot at which the place is found on a globe.
absolute location
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Halves of the earth
hemispheres
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The pattern formed when lines of latitude and longitude cross.
grid system
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Locating a place in relation to other places
relative location
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a particular space with physical and human meaning
place
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areas united by specific factors
regions
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What three types of regions to geographers identify?
- Formal
- Functional
- Perceptual
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a region defined by a product produced there.
Formal Region
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A central place and the surrounding area linked to it, for example by a highway system.
functional region
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a region defined by popular feelings and images rather than by objective data.
perceptual region
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a community of plants and animals that depend upon one another, and their surroundings.
ecosystem
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A recurring theme in geography
movement of people, goods and ideas.
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The study of the interrelationship between people and their physical environment.
Human-environment interaction
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name six elements in the study of geography
- Location
- Places and Regions
- Physical Systems
- Human Systems
- Environment and Society
- The Uses of Geography
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Focuses on the study of the earth's physical features.
Physical Geography
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also called cultural geography, focuseson the study of human activities and their relationship to the culture and physical environments.
Human Geography
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the study of weather, weather forecasting, and historical geography.
meteorology
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the study of places and human activities over time, and the various geographic factors that have shaped them.
historical geography.
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studying and making maps
cartography
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What research methods to geographers use in their work?
- direct observation
- mapping
- interviewing
- statistics
- technology
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computer tools that process and organize data and satellite images with other pieces of information gathered by geographers and scientists.
Geographic Information System (GIS)
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