Anatomy and Physiology Week One Terms

studies the structure of the body parts and their relationships to one another

concerns the function of the body (in other words, how the body parts work and carry out their life sustaining activities.)

It’s internal environment (its insides) remains distinct from external environment surrounding it (its outsides).

The most common homeostatic control mechanisms. The net effect is the output of the systems shuts off the original stimulus or reduces it intensity.

Feedback that tends to cause the level of a variable to change in the same direction as an initial stage.

Smallest particle of an elemental substance that exhibits the properties of that element; contained of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Particle consisting of two or more atoms joined together by chemical bond.

Atom or molecule with a positive or negative electric charge.

A substance that releases hydrogen ions when in solution (compare with base); a proton donor.

A substance capable of bonding with hydrogen ions; a proton accepter

A substance capable of binding with hydrogen ions; a proton accepter.

Organic compound containing nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; building block of protein.

Bond joining the amine group of one amino acid to the acid carboxyl group of a second amino acid with the loss of water molecule.

Literally one sugar; building block for carbohydrates (e.g. glucose)

Literally many sugars, a polymer of linked monosaccharaides (e.g. starch, glycogen)

Linear chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms (hydrocarbon chains) with an organic acid group at one end. A constituent of fat.

Fats and oils composed of fatty acids and glycerol; are the body’s most concentrated source of energy fuel; also known as neutral fats.

A nucleic acid found in all living cells; it carries the organisms heredity information.

Organic Molecule that stores and releases chemical energy for use in the body cells.