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studies the structure of the body parts and their relationships to one another
Anatomy
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concerns the function of the body (in other words, how the body parts work and carry out their life sustaining activities.)
Physiology
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It’s internal environment (its insides) remains distinct from external environment surrounding it (its outsides).
Boundary Maintenance
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The most common homeostatic control mechanisms. The net effect is the output of the systems shuts off the original stimulus or reduces it intensity.
Negative Feedback Loop
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Feedback that tends to cause the level of a variable to change in the same direction as an initial stage.
Positive Feedback Loop
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Smallest particle of an elemental substance that exhibits the properties of that element; contained of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Atom
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Particle consisting of two or more atoms joined together by chemical bond.
Molecule
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Atom or molecule with a positive or negative electric charge.
Ion
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A substance that releases hydrogen ions when in solution (compare with base); a proton donor.
Acid
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A substance capable of bonding with hydrogen ions; a proton accepter
Base
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A substance capable of binding with hydrogen ions; a proton accepter.
pH
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Organic compound containing nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; building block of protein.
Amino Acid
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Bond joining the amine group of one amino acid to the acid carboxyl group of a second amino acid with the loss of water molecule.
Peptide Bond
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Literally one sugar; building block for carbohydrates (e.g. glucose)
Monosaccharide
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Literally many sugars, a polymer of linked monosaccharaides (e.g. starch, glycogen)
Polysaccharide
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Linear chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms (hydrocarbon chains) with an organic acid group at one end. A constituent of fat.
Fatty Acid
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Fats and oils composed of fatty acids and glycerol; are the body’s most concentrated source of energy fuel; also known as neutral fats.
Triglyceride
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A nucleic acid found in all living cells; it carries the organisms heredity information.
DNA (Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid)
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Organic Molecule that stores and releases chemical energy for use in the body cells.
ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate)
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