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Cabernet Franc
- Appearance
- Intensity: Med to Med+
- Color: Dark Ruby
- Other: Pink/Purple rim
- Nose
- Intensity: Med+
- Floral: Violets, Lilacs, White and Red flowers
- Fruit: Bright Red (Rasperry, Cranberry, Red cherry, Cherry pit), Tart Black (Black cherry, Black currant, Blackberry), Underripe fruit flavors
- Spice/Vegetable: Black currant bud/leaf, Grass, Geen bell pepper, Celery seed, Sage, Tobacco
- Oak: Neutral French
- Other: Leather, Cedar, Cigar box, Grphite, Pencil lead, Gravel dust, Possible carbonic maceration and/or stem inclusion
- Palate
- Sweetness: bone dry to dry
- Acidity: Med+;
- Tannin: Med+
- Alcohol: Med to Med+
- Body: Med+
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Cabernet Sauvingon (Chile)
- Appearance
- Intensity: Med+
- Color: Dark Ruby/Purple+
- Other:
- Nose
- Intensity: Med+
- Floral: Violet
- Fruit: Ripe/Lush (Black currant, blackberry, black cheery), Red plum, Raspberry
- Spice/Vegetable: Anise, Cocoa, Cinnamon, Clove, Allspice, Nutmeg, Green pepper, Capsicum, Green/black olive,mint, tobacco
- Oak: Moderate use of new French (baking spice, clove, coffee, vanilla,roasterd nut, cedar)
- Other: Pencil shavings, Leather, Cigar box, Damp earth, Mushroom, Compost, Iron, Graphite
- Palate
- Sweetness: Dry
- Acidity: Med to Med+
- Tannin: Med+
- Alcohol: Med+
- Body: Med+
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Cabernet Sauvingon (Coonawarra)
- Appearance
- Intensity: Med+
- Color: Ruby/Purple
- Other:
- Nose
- Intensity:
- Floral: Violets
- Fruit: Ripe/lush black fruit (Cassis, Blackberry, Black cherry), Ripe/lush red fruit (Red Chrerry, Red Plum), Prune
- Spice/Vegetable: Intense green character, Eucalyptus, Mint, Green pepper, Sage, Licorice/Anise, Cocoa, Cinnamon, CLove, Allspice, Nutmeg
- Oak: Med to Med+ New French or American (Baking spice, Clove, Smoke, Coffee, Vanilla, Roasted nut, Cedar)
- Other: Terrarossa red soils, Loamy/Clay
- Palate
- Sweetness: Dry (ripe attack)
- Acidity: Med to Med+
- Tannin: Med to Med+
- Alcohol: Med+ to High
- Body: Med+
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Cabernet Sauvingon (Classified Growth - Medoc/Graves)
- Appearance
- Intensity: Med+
- Color: Ruby/Purple
- Other:
- Nose
- Intensity: Med+
- Floral: Violets
- Fruit: Black fruit (Black currant, Blackberry, Black cherry), Slight red fruit and plum
- Spice/Vegetable: Sage, Green bell pepper, Mint, Tabacco, Dried savory herbs, Green peppercorns, Anise, Clove, Exotic spices
- Oak: Med+ to High new French (Baking spice, Clove, Smoke, Coffee, Vanilla, Roasted nut, Cedar)
- Other: Leather, Pencil shavings, Cigar box, Cedar, Iodine, Medicinal, Game
- Palate
- Sweetness: Dry
- Acidity: Med+
- Tannin: Med+ to High
- Alcohol: Med to Med+
- Body: Med to Med+
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Cabernet Sauvingon (Napa)
- Appearance
- Intensity: High
- Color: Dark Purple
- Other:
- Nose
- Intensity: Med+, Possible VA
- Floral: Violets
- Fruit: Ripe/lush black fruit (Black currant, Blackberry, Black cherry) Lush red fruit (Sweet cherry, Raspberry), Boysenberry, Blueberry
- Spice/Vegetable: Sage, Mint, Green pepper, Tobacco, Eucalyptis, Anise, Cocoa, Cinnamon, Clove, Allspice, Nutmet
- Oak: Med+ to High use of New French (Allspice, Nutmeg, Clove, Smoke, oast, Coffee, Vanilla, Roasted nut, Cocoa, Cedar)
- Other: Volcanic, Ashen, Gravel, Loamy, Cedar, Pencil shavings, Sweet leather, Cigar box
- Palate
- Sweetness: Dry (with ripe attack)
- Acidity: Med
- Tannin: Med+ to High
- Alcohol: Med+ to High
- Body: Full
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Gamay Beaujolais
- Appearance
- Intensity: Low to Med+
- Color: Bright ruby with Purple tones
- Other: Possible residual gas from carbonic maceration
- Nose
- Intensity: Med+ to High
- Floral: Violets, Lilacs, Peonies; lifted red fruit and floral aromas
- Fruit: Tart red fruit (Strawberry, Red cherry, Raspberry, Cranberry, Watermelon, Red currant), Carbonic notes (Pear drops, Banana, Bubble gum, Cotton candy)
- Spice/Vegetable: Slight black pepper, Dry savory herbs
- Oak: None or Neutral
- Other: Wet Granite, Stony, Crushed rocks
- Palate
- Sweetness: Dry
- Acidity: Med+ to High
- Tannin: Low to Med-
- Alcohol: Med to Med+
- Body: Med- to Med
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Grenache (Cotes du Rhone)
- Appearance
- Intensity: Med
- Color: Ruby
- Other: Slight orange rim
- Nose
- Intensity: Med+, Brett
- Floral: Red flowers, Dried lavender
- Fruit: Cooked to Dried red fruits (Strawberry, Cherry, Raspberry), Roasted red plum, Blackberry, Raisin/fig
- Spice/Vegetable: Herbes de Provence/Savory herbs, Garrigue/wile brush, Rosemary, Brewed black tea
- Oak: Large neutral casks or concrete; maybe some new oak
- Other: Powdered sugar, Dried Orange/grapefruit peel, Old Leather, Stony, Gravel, Baked earth
- Palate
- Sweetness: Dry
- Acidity: Med to Med+
- Tannin: Med to Med+
- Alcohol: Med+ to High
- Body: Med+ to Full
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Grenache (Australia)
- Appearance
- Intensity: Med+
- Color: Ruby
- Other: Slight orange rim
- Nose
- Intensity: Med+, Possible VA and oxidation, Brett
- Floral: Red flowers
- Fruit: Cooked/stewed strawberry, Marachino cherry, Prune, Fig, Raisin, Plum pie
- Spice/Vegetable: Curing spice, Black pepper, Licorice, Mint, Menthol, Eucalyptus, Black tea leaf, Dried Savory
- Oak: Neutral to Med use of new French or American
- Other: Powdered sugar, Possible old leather, Crushed vitamin
- Palate
- Sweetness: Dry with ripe attack
- Acidity: Med
- Tannin: Med
- Alcohol: High
- Body: Med+ to Full
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Malbec (Mendoza)
- Appearance
- Intensity: Med to Med+
- Color: Ruby/purple with blue hues
- Other: Electric pink (stripper shoe) rim
- Nose
- Intensity: Med+ to High
- Floral: Violets, Damson (plum) flower (highly aromatic in higher altitudes)
- Fruit: Ripe/lush Black Rasperry, Black cherry, Blackberry, Concord grape, Jam, Blueberry, Plum, Rasperry liqueur, Fig, Raisin
- Spice/Vegetable: Slight green notes
- Oak: Low to High use of new French and/or American (Vanilla, Baking spices, Chocolate, Cinnamon)
- Other: Clay, Mud
- Palate
- Sweetness: Dry with ripe attack
- Acidity: Med to Med+
- Tannin: Med to Med+
- Alcohol: High
- Body: Full
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Merlot (Right Bank)
- Appearance
- Intensity: Med to Med+
- Color: Ruby with Garnet hues
- Other:
- Nose
- Intensity: Med+
- Floral: Purple flowers, violets
- Fruit: Plum, Blueberry, Strawberry, Raspberry, Cherry, Blackberry, Black cherry, Fig, Fruit cake
- Spice/Vegetable: Licorice/anise, Christmas spice, Mint, Bay leaf, Fern, Tobacco
- Oak:
- Other: Med+ Clay, Mushroom, Truffle
- Palate
- Sweetness: Dry
- Acidity: Med to Med+
- Tannin: Med to Med+
- Alcohol: Med+
- Body: Med to Med+
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Nebbiolo (Barolo)
- Appearance
- Intensity: Med
- Color: Ruby, Garnet
- Other: Significant Garnet/Orange rim
- Nose
- Intensity: ?, Significant oxidation and VA
- Floral: Roses, Violets
- Fruit: Tart red fruit, Sour Cherry, Red plum, Black Berry, Mulberry, Dried plum/prune, Dried cherry
- Spice/Vegetable: Tea leaf, Tobacco, Bitter root, Tree bark, Licorice, Anise, Resin, Sligh clove/cinnamin
- Oak: Neutral large casks (Slovenian Oak, Chestnut Botti)
- Other: Tar, Leather, Truffle, Mushroom, Dust, Organic earth
- Palate
- Sweetness: Bone dry
- Acidity: Med+ to High
- Tannin: High
- Alcohol: Med+ to High
- Body: Med+ to Full
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Pinot Noir (Cote d'Or)
- Appearance
- Intensity:
- Color:
- Other:
- Nose
- Intensity:
- Floral:
- Fruit:
- Spice/Vegetable:
- Oak:
- Other:
- Palate
- Sweetness:
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- Alcohol:
- Body:
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Pinot Noir (Russian River Valley)
- Appearance
- Intensity:
- Color:
- Other:
- Nose
- Intensity:
- Floral:
- Fruit:
- Spice/Vegetable:
- Oak:
- Other:
- Palate
- Sweetness:
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Pinot Noir (Willamette)
- Appearance
- Intensity:
- Color:
- Other:
- Nose
- Intensity:
- Floral:
- Fruit:
- Spice/Vegetable:
- Oak:
- Other:
- Palate
- Sweetness:
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- Body:
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Sangiovese (Chianti & Brunello di Montalcino)
- Appearance
- Intensity: Chianti (Med- to Med), Brunello (Med+)
- Color: Chianti (Light Ruby with slight Garnet hues), Brunello (Dark Ruby, Garnet Rim)
- Other:
- Nose
- Intensity:
- Floral: Potpourri
- Fruit: Tart red fruit, Sour cherry, Raspberry, Cranberry, Red currant, Red apple, Black cherry, Mulberry
- Spice/Vegetable: Tomato
- Oak: Chianti (none or neutral), Chianti Classico/Riserva aged in oak, Brunello (Neutral and French Barriques)
- Other:
- Palate
- Sweetness: Bone dry to Dry
- Acidity: Chianti (Med+ to High), Brunello (High)
- Tannin: Chianti (Med+ to High), Brunello (High)
- Alcohol: Chianti (Med to High), Brunello (Med+ to High)
- Body: Chianti (Med to Med+), Brunello (Full)
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Shiraz (South Australia)
- Appearance
- Intensity: High
- Color: Opaque dark purple
- Other: Deep staining
- Nose
- Intensity:
- Floral: Lavender (purple and red)
- Fruit: Ripe/lush (Blackberry, Cassis, Blueberry, Plum), Dried fruit (Fig, Raisin, Date), Raspberry liqueur, Mulberry
- Spice/Vegetable: Black pepper, Dried savory, Licorice, Fruitcake, Christmas spice,
- Oak: Light to High use of new American or French (Vanilla, Coconut, Dill, Chocolate, Mocha, Backing spices, Cumin, Curry, Maple)
- Other: Bitter chocolate, smoke, grilled meat, Low to Med minerality
- Palate
- Sweetness: Dry
- Acidity: Med to Med+
- Tannin: Med to Med+
- Alcohol: High
- Body: Full
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Syrah (Northern Rhone)
- Appearance
- Intensity: Med+ to High
- Color: Ruby/Purple
- Other:
- Nose
- Intensity: Med+, Brett
- Floral: Lavender, Violets
- Fruit: Tart/ripe Blackberry, Black cherry, Black plum, Blueberry, Boysenberry, Raspberry
- Spice/Vegetable: White and black pepper, curing spices, Juniper, Black and green olives, Green peppercorns, Herbes de Provence, Rosemary
- Oak: Neutral (low to Med use of newer oak)
- Other: Tar, cured meat, Smoke, Bacon fat, Bandaid, Granite, Crushed rock
- Palate
- Sweetness: Bone dry to Dry
- Acidity: Med+ to High
- Tannin: Med+ (Possible Carbonic maceration and/or stem inclusion)
- Alcohol: Med to Med+
- Body: Med+
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Tempranillo (Rioja)
- Appearance
- Intensity:
- Color:
- Other:
- Nose
- Intensity: Med+, Significant oxidation and Brett for Gran Reserva
- Floral: Red and dried flowers
- Fruit: Tart/sweet red (Red Cherry, Strawberry, Red currant, Sour Asian plum), Dried plum
- Spice/Vegetable: Tobacco, Dill
- Oak: Low to Med use of New American (Vanilla, Coconut, Dill, Cumin, Curry, Sandlewood)
- Other: Baked earth, Clay, Compost, Sweet & Sour Sauce, Iodine, Leather
- Palate
- Sweetness: Dry
- Acidity: Med+
- Tannin: Med to Med+
- Alcohol: Med to Med+
- Body:
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Zinfandel (Dry Creek)
- Appearance
- Intensity: Med to Med+
- Color: Ruby/Dark Ruby
- Other:
- Nose
- Intensity: High
- Floral:
- Fruit: Jammy/brambly berry, Raspberry, Black cherry, Cherry Compote, Blackberry, Cassis, Blueberry, Cranberry jam, Raisin, Fig, Peach Yogurt, Apricot
- Spice/Vegetable: Black pepper
- Oak: Neutral to Med use of new American or French or both (Vanilla, Sawdust, Coconut, Chocolate, Mocha, Coffee, Caramel, Dill weed, Cinnamon
- Other: Briar, Slight potting soil/turned earth
- Palate
- Sweetness: Dry
- Acidity: Med to Med+
- Tannin: Med to Med+
- Alcohol: High
- Body: Full
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