EMT-B

• 1. Delivers O2
• 2. Removes waste (CO2) to lungs and kidneys for excretion

Nosebleeds

Failure of the circulatory system to adequately perfuse the body

Decreased blood flow through an organ; if prolonged can result in shock

shock resulting from low blood volume caused by excessive bleeding, GI illness, fever, diabetes, etc.

Constriction of veins, arteries, increased heart rate, rate of breathing.

• 1. cardiac output is increased
• 2. blood flow to the brain increases
• 3. pupils dilate
• 4. blood flow is redistributed (causes pale, cool, clammy skin)
• 5. respiratory rate increases

low supply of hemoglobin

spurting, pulsatile, red.

continuous, oozing, dark red

Continuous, dark red or purple, superficial flow

• 1. direct pressure
• 2. elevation
• 3. pressure points
• 4. splinting if applicable
• 5. tourniquet

• 1. trauma to the skull
• 2. digital trauma (nose picking)
• 3. medical conditions (high blood pressure, sinusitis, etc)
• 4. Coagulation or clotting disorders

caused when the heart can no longer pump blood adequately resulting in a decrease in cardiac output and then a decrease in perfusion

• edema, distended veins, (back up in systemic side),
• or shortness of breath, noisy breathing caused by fluid in the lungs.

Position of comfort. Sitting if tolerated, aids breathing. Supine if pt is weak with AMS.

anaphalaxis and spinal cord injuries

when the vascular system loses its ability to constrict and blood pressure falls

resulting from massive infection caused mainly from vasodilation. Further complicated by leakage of fluid through the blood vessel walls, resulting in hypovolemia

• 1. ABCs
• 2. High concentration O2
• 3. If applicable, splint bone or joint injuries, immobilize on backboard
• 4. Maintain body temp with blankets

• T-thirst
• V-vomiting and nausea
• S-sweating
• P-pulse, weak and rapid
• A-AMS, including anxiety
• R-respirations, shallow and rapid
• C-cool and cyanotic skin
• U-Unresponsive
• B-BP increases early and decreases late
• E-eyes blank or dialated