renal

• LARSAGEPSRIR
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• 1. l vent      2. aorta     3. renal art            4. smller arteries     5. aff arteriole
• 6. glomerulus    7. eff arteriole
• 8. peritubular caps   9. smller veins (venules)     10. renal vein     11. inferior vena cava     12. r atrium

• RPDLADCCRUBUU
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• 1. renal cortex/medulla: bowman's cap     2. prox convoluted tubule     3. descending tubule     4. loop of henle    5. ascend tube    6. distal conv tube    7. collecting duct    8. calyx    9. renal pelvis    10. ureter    11. bladder    12. urethra    13. urethral meatus

regulates na retention, h2o reabsorption, controls k excretion

incr bp

renin

low bp -->Renin-->angiotensin-->aldosterone-->na/h2o reabs & K exreted-->bp/vol increases

low h2o intake/ h2o loss

water reabsorption and urine concentration

posterior pit gland

allows to be reabsorbed into circulation to incr bld vol and bp

bp/bld vol low-->adh-->h2o reabsorbed-->bp/bld vol increased

125 ml/min (180 L qd)

1.5 l qd

rate of filtration of fluid and waste from bld stream

1.005-1.030

4-8

0-5

0-5

0-4

Creatinine Clearance

• serum: 0.5 - 1.5 mg/dl (incr for men)
• urine: 85-135 ml/min

wkness of pelvic floor muscles causing urine to leak w any incr in intraabdominal pressure

muscle over activity causes an abrupt, strong desire to void and inability to hold urine

obstruction causes too much urine in bladder, putting pressure on urethra causing constant dribbling

no urinary tract abnormality; dementia - forget to go

loss of innervation d/t trauma, neuro probs, or spinal cord lesion/tumor

can massage bladder to urinate (Crede's maneuver

may need cystostomy to drain bladder

no spinach, rhubarbs, swiss chard, cocoa, beets, wheat germ, pecans, peanuts, okra, choc, lime peel, TEA

turp

transurethral resection of prostate-->stent placement and laser ablation

cystoscope and use of laser to shrink/destroy prostate tissue.

• after operation
• cont bladder irrigation w nss usually ordered to remove clotted bld from bladder and ensure urniary drainage; 3-way cath

• more common in men aged 50-70
• smokers double risk
• occupational exposure

ileal conduit

• levofloxacin Levaquin
• Bactrim DS
• Macrobid
• Pyridium

• proteinuria
• hypoalbuminemia
• severe edema
• hyperlipidemia

nephritis

• oliguric stage
• diuretic stage
• recovery stage
• uremic fetor

• k incr = hyperkalemia
• na decr = hyponatremia
• ca decr = hypocalcemia
• p incr = hyperphosphatemia

tetany

only way to rid bd of wastes, excess fluid, and lytes

• fistula
• graft
• no bp in arm or tight clothes

• used for overactive bladder; hot as hare, dry as a bone, red as a beet, blind as a bat.
• anti-cholinergic

manage sx of bph; vol of ejaculate may be low but no decr in sex func. pregnant or may be avoid mens semen taking med

used to incr urine flow, relaxes bph; change positions slowly r/t ortho hypo

• used for uti; monitor for anaphylaxis
• adults only

uri; assess allergies to sulfa; use sunscreen, incr fluids r/t renal crystals

phosphate binders used w hypocalcemia r/t renal fail; assess for gi s/e and monitor serum levels

multivitamin w no minerals, b-comp and c only, used in dialysis pts, monitor for anaph

• stimulates red bld cell production 
• ha/bone pain means its working
• monitor for seizures

• anemia
• stools dark, monitor cbc
• use straw w po
• ztrack w im
• avoid coffee, tea, dairy, eggs
• oj incr obsorption