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What are the two primary layers of the endometrium?
- Stratum Functionalis (sheds during menstration)
- Stratum Basalis (produces new stratum functionalis)
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At what phase in development is an oocyte arrested until puberty?
primary oocyte
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During what phase of the ovarian cycle is the endometrium the thickest?
Luteal / secretory phase
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What is the functional term for the follicular phase?
Proliferative phase
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Where is the female reproductive system does fertilization usually occur?
ampulla of fallopian tube
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How long does it take for an ovum to transport down the fallopian tube
3-5days
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What hormones does the placenta secrete?
estrogen and progesterone
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What two viruses cause vulvitis?
- Herpes simplex virus
- Human papilloma virus
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What virus is the cause of most genital warts (condylomata acuminatum)?
Human papilloma virus
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What symptom do all of the following cause? Trichomonas vaginalis, candida albicans, Gardnerella vaginitis
vaginitis
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What is the most common presentation of bacterial gonorrhea in the female reproductive system?
Endocervicitis
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What type of cells are invaded by HSV and HPV?
- Squamous epithelium
- Ectocervix
- Flat papillomas (presentation)
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HPV or HSV? intranuclear inclusion and multinucleated?
HSV
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HPV or HSV? Koilocytic changes
HPV
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What is the most common cause of endometritis during the reproductive years?
pelvic inflammatory disease
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What is the most common infection of the female genitalia?
Salphingitis (inflammation in fallopian tubes)
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Name that disease: red moist lesion on uvula?
Pagent's disease of uvula
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What is the most common carcinoma of the vagina?
Squamous cell carcinoma of the vagina
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Name that disease: Bunch of grapes like mass in mucus lined organs, age of onset < 4yrs
Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma
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What accounts for 20% of all gynecological cancers?
cervical carcinomas
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What is the epidemiology of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia?
- multiple partners
- early age first coitus
- HPV infection
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What is the most common region and cell for cervical carcinoma
- Transitional zone
- Squamous cell caracinoma
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Name that disease? Implatation and growth of the endometrium anywhere but uterus?
Endometriosis
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Name that disease: blood filled or chocolate cysts on the ovaries
Endometriosis
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Name that disease: endometrium gland and stroma found in myometrium
Adenomyosis
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Name that disease: Red, blue, yellow punctate on pelvic organ?
Endometriosis
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What part of the uterus is the most common site for endometrial polypus to form?
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Name that disease: Polypoid infiltrating mass in uterus w/ necrosis and hemorrhage
Endometrial andenocarcinoma
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Most common site and type of gynecological malignancy?
- uterus
- endometrial carcinoma
- 95% of which are adenocarcinomas (glandular origin)
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What are the two classifications of myometrial tumors?
- Leiomyomas (benign, constitutes 95% of all myometrial tumors)
- Leiomyomasarcoma (malignant smooth muscle tumor)
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What are the three types of leiomyomas?
- Submucosal
- Intramural
- Subserosal
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Name that disease: Anovulation, ovarian cortical cysts, amenorrhea, histurism, obesity
- Stein-Leventhal syndrome
- Caused by excess androgens
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What type of tumor originates in the gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma and metastasizes to the ovary?
Krukenburg tumor
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What is the most common type of tumor to metastasize to the ovary?
endometrial adenocarcinoma
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name that disease: ovarian tumor composed of thyroid tissue of major cystic teratoma?
- struma ovary
- associated with hyperthyroidism
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What is the most common epithelial ovarian tumor?
Serous cystadenoma
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What type of epithileal ovarian tumor secrets pseudomyxoma peritonei?
mucinous cystadenoma
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Name that disease: clear cell cystadenofibroma, mostly benign, epithelium ovarin tumor type
Brenner tumor
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Most common germ cell tumor?
mature teratoma
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What type of germ cell tumor presents with Schiller-Duvall bodies?
Yolk sac tumor
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Name that tumor: affects young girls, precocious sexual development, solid hemorrhagic tumor, highly fatal
choriocarcinoma
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what type of tumor has subtypes: granulosa-theca cell, thicom-fibroma, sertoli-ledig cell tumors
Sex-cord tumors
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What is the most common cause of spontaneous abortion?
chromosomal abnormalities
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Name that disease: severe toxemia, 3 month left of pregnancy, convulsion, hypertension, retention of water and sodium, edema, proteinuria
Eclampsia
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Name that gestational trophoblastic disease: increase hCG levels, edematous placental villi (grape mass)
Hydatidiform mole
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Name that gestational trophoblastic disease: soft flesy hemorrhagic and necrotic tissue, malignant, highly fatal
Choriocarcinoma
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What are the two etiologic theories of eclampsia?
- Hormone imbalance
- Immune response to fetus
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