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a posteriori
from the latter -- knowledge or justification is dependent on experience or empirical evidence
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a priori
from what comes before -- knowledge or justification is independent of experience
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faber est suae quisque fortunae
every man is the artisan of his own fortune -- quote by Appius Claudius Caecus
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acta non verba
deeds, not words
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ad hoc
to this -- improvised or made up
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ad hominem
to the man -- below-the-belt personal attack rather than a reasoned argument
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ad nauseam
used to describe an argument that has been taking place to the point of nausea
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ad victoriam
to victory -- more commonly translated into "for victory," this was a battle cry of the Romans
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alea iacta est
the die has been cast
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alias
at another time -- an assumed name or pseudonym
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alma mater
nourishing mother -- used to denote one's college/university
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amor patriae
love of one's country
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amor vincit omnia
love conquers all
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annuit cœptis
He (God) nods at things being begun -- or "he approves our undertakings," motto on the reverse of the Great Seal of the United States and on the back of the United States one-dollar bill
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ante bellum
before the war -- commonly used in the Southern United States as antebellum to refer to the period preceding the American Civil War
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ante meridiem
before noon -- A.M., used in timekeeping
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aqua vitae
water of life -- used to refer to various native distilled beverages, such as whisky (uisge beatha) in Scotland and Ireland, gin in Holland, and brandy (eau de vie) in France
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arte et marte
by skill and valour
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astra inclinant, sed non obligant
the stars incline us, they do not bind us -- refers to the strength of free will over astrological determinism
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audemus jura nostra defendere
we dare to defend our rights -- state motto of Alabama
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audere est facere
to dare is to do
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aurea mediocritas
golden mean -- refers to the ethical goal of reaching a virtuous middle ground between two sinful extremes
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auribus teneo lupum
I hold a wolf by the ears -- a common ancient proverb; indicates that one is in a dangerous situation where both holding on and letting go could be deadly; a modern version is, "to have a tiger by the tail"
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aut cum scuto aut in scuto
either with shield or on shield -- do or die, "no retreat"; said by Spartan mothers to their sons as they departed for battle
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aut neca aut necare
either kill or be killed
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aut viam inveniam aut faciam
I will either find a way or make one -- said by Hannibal, the great ancient military commander
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barba non facit philosophum
a beard doesn't make one a philosopher
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bellum omnium contra omnes
war of all against all
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bis dat qui cito dat
he gives twice, who gives promptly -- a gift given without hesitation is as good as two gifts
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bono malum superate
overcome evil with good
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caveat emptor
let the buyer beware -- the purchaser is responsible for checking whether the goods suit his need
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circa
around, or approximately
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citius altius fortius
faster, higher, stronger -- modern Olympics motto
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cogito ergo sum
"I think therefore I am" -- famous quote by Rene Descartes
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contemptus mundi/saeculi
scorn for the world/times -- despising the secular world, the monk or philosopher's rejection of a mundane life and worldly values
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corpus christi
body of Christ
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corruptissima re publica plurimae leges
when the republic is at its most corrupt the laws are most numerous -- said by Tacitus
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creatio ex nihilo
creation out of nothing -- a concept about creation, often used in a theological or philosophical context
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cura te ipsum
take care of your own self -- an exhortation to physicians, or experts in general, to deal with their own problems before addressing those of others
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curriculum vitae
the course of one's life -- in business, a lengthened resume
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de facto
from the fact -- distinguishing what's supposed to be from what is reality
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deus ex machina
God out of a machine -- a term meaning a conflict is resolved in improbable or implausible ways
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dictum factum
what is said is done
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disce quasi semper victurus vive quasi cras moriturus
learn as if you're always going to live; live as if tomorrow you're going to die
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discendo discimus
while teaching we learn
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docendo disco, scribendo cogito
I learn by teaching, think by writing
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ductus exemplo
leadership by example
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ducunt volentem fata, nolentem trahunt
the fates lead the willing and drag the unwilling -- attributed to Lucius Annaeus Seneca
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dulce bellum inexpertis
war is sweet to the inexperienced
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dulce et decorum est pro patria mori
it is sweet and fitting to die for your country
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dulcius ex asperis
sweeter after difficulties
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e pluribus unum
out of many, one -- on the U.S. seal, and was once the country's de facto motto
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emeritus
veteran -- retired from office
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et alii
and others -- abbreviated et al.
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et tu, Brute?
last words of Caesar after being murdered by friend Brutus in Shakespeare's "Julius Caesar," used today to convey utter betrayal
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ex animo
from the heart -- thus, "sincerely"
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ex libris
from the library of -- to mark books from a library
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ex post facto
from a thing done afterward -- said of a law with retroactive effect
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fac fortia et patere
do brave deeds and endure
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fac simile
make alike -- origin of the word "fax"
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flectere si nequeo superos, acheronta movebo
if I cannot move heaven I will raise hell -- Virgil's Aeneid
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fortes fortuna adiuvat
fortune favors the bold
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fortis in arduis
strong in difficulties
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gloria in excelsis Deo
glory to God in the highest
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habeas corpus
you should have the body -- a legal term from the 14th century or earlier; commonly used as the general term for a prisoner's legal right to challenge the legality of their detention
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habemus papam
we have a pope -- used after a Catholic Church papal election to announce publicly a successful ballot to elect a new pope
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historia vitae magistra
history, the teacher of life -- from Cicero; also "history is the mistress of life"
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hoc est bellum
this is war
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homo unius libri (timeo)
(I fear) a man of one book -- attributed to Thomas Aquinas
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honor virtutis praemium
esteem is the reward of virtue
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hostis humani generis
enemy of the human race -- Cicero defined pirates in Roman law as being enemies of humanity in general
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humilitas occidit superbiam
humility conquers pride
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igne natura renovatur integra
through fire, nature is reborn whole
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ignis aurum probat
fire tests gold -- a phrase referring to the refining of character through difficult circumstances
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in absentia
in the absence
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in aqua sanitas
in water there is health
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in flagrante delicto
in flaming crime -- caught red-handed, or in the act
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in memoriam
into the memory -- more commonly "in memory of"
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in omnia paratus
ready for anything
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in situ
in position -- something that exists in an original or natural state
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in toto
in all or entirely
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in umbra, igitur, pugnabimus
then we will fight in the shade -- made famous by Spartans in the battle of Thermopylae and by the movie 300
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in vitro
in glass -- biological process that occurs in the lab
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incepto ne desistam
may I not shrink from my purpose
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intelligenti pauca
few words suffice for he who understands
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invictus maneo
I remain unvanquished
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ipso facto
by the fact itself -- something is true by its very nature
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labor omnia vincit
hard work conquers all
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laborare pugnare parati sumus
to work, (or) to fight; we are ready
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labore et honore
by labor and honor
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leges sine moribus vanae
laws without morals [are] vain
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lex parsimoniae
law of succinctness -- also known as Occam's Razor, the simplest explanation is usually the correct one
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lex talionis
the law of retaliation
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magna cum laude
with great praise
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magna est vis consuetudinis
great is the power of habit
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magnum opus
great work -- said of someone's masterpiece
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mala fide
in bad faith -- said of an act done with knowledge of its illegality, or with intention to defraud or mislead someone; opposite of bona fide
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malum in se
wrong in itself -- a legal term meaning that something is inherently wrong
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malum prohibitum
wrong due to being prohibited -- a legal term meaning that something is only wrong because it is against the law
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meliora
better things -- carrying the connotation of "always better"
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memento mori
remember that [you will] die -- was whispered by a servant into the ear of a victorious Roman general to check his pride as he paraded through cheering crowds after a victory; a genre of art meant to remind the viewer of the reality of his death
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memento vivere
remember to live
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memores acti prudentes futuri
mindful of what has been done, aware of what will be
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modus operandi
method of operating -- abbreviated M.O.
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montani semper liberi
mountaineers [are] always free -- state motto of West Virginia
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morior invictus
death before defeat
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morituri te salutant
those who are about to die salute you -- popularized as a standard salute from gladiators to the emperor, but only recorded once in Roman history
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morte magis metuenda senectus
old age should rather be feared than death
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mulgere hircum
to milk a male goat -- to attempt the impossible
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multa paucis
say much in few words
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nanos gigantum humeris insidentes
dwarfs standing on the shoulders of giants -- commonly known by the letters of Isaac Newton: "If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants"
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nec aspera terrent
they don't terrify the rough ones -- frightened by no difficulties, less literally "difficulties be damned"
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nec temere nec timide
neither reckless nor timid
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nil volentibus arduum
nothing [is] arduous for the willing
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nolo contendere
I do not wish to contend -- that is, "no contest"; a plea that can be entered on behalf of a defendant in a court that states that the accused doesn't admit guilt, but will accept punishment for a crime
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non ducor, duco
I am not led; I lead
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non loqui sed facere
not talk but action
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non progredi est regredi
to not go forward is to go backward
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non scholae, sed vitae discimus
we learn not for school, but for life -- from Seneca
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non sequitur
it does not follow -- in general, a comment which is absurd due to not making sense in its context (rather than due to being inherently nonsensical or internally inconsistent), often used in humor
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non sum qualis eram
I am not such as I was -- or "I am not the kind of person I once was"
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nosce te ipsum
know thyself -- from Cicero
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novus ordo seclorum
new order of the ages -- from Virgil; motto on the Great Seal of the United States
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nulla tenaci invia est via
for the tenacious, no road is impassable
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obliti privatorum, publica curate
forget private affairs, take care of public ones -- Roman political saying which reminds that common good should be given priority over private matters for any person having a responsibility in the State
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panem et circenses
bread and circuses -- originally described all that was needed for emperors to placate the Roman mob; today used to describe any entertainment used to distract public attention from more important matters
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para bellum
prepare for war -- if you want peace, prepare for war—if a country is ready for war, its enemies are less likely to attack
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parvis imbutus tentabis grandia tutus
when you are steeped in little things, you shall safely attempt great things -- sometimes translated as, "once you have accomplished small things, you may attempt great ones safely"
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pater familias
father of the family -- the eldest male in a family
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pecunia, si uti scis, ancilla est; si nescis, domina
if you know how to use money, money is your slave; if you don't, money is your master
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per angusta ad augusta
through difficulties to greatness
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persona non grata
person not pleasing -- an unwelcome, unwanted or undesirable person
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pollice verso
with a turned thumb -- used by Roman crowds to pass judgment on a defeated gladiator
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post meridiem
after noon -- P.M., used in timekeeping
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postscriptum
thing having been written afterward -- in writing, abbreviated P.S.
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praemonitus praemunitus
forewarned is forearmed
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praesis ut prosis ne ut imperes
lead in order to serve, not in order to rule
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primus inter pares
first among equals -- a title of the Roman Emperors
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pro bono
for the good -- in business, refers to services rendered at no charge
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quam bene vivas referre (or refert), non quam diu
it is how well you live that matters, not how long -- from Seneca
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qui totum vult totum perdit
he who wants everything loses everything -- attributed to Seneca
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quid agis
what's going on? -- what's up, what's happening, etc.
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quid pro quo
this for that -- an exchange of value
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quidquid Latine dictum sit altum videtur
whatever has been said in Latin seems deep -- or "anything said in Latin sounds profound"; a recent ironic Latin phrase to poke fun at people who seem to use Latin phrases and quotations only to make themselves sound more important or "educated"
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quis custodiet ipsos custodes?
who will guard the guards themselves? -- commonly associated with Plato
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quorum
of whom -- the number of members whose presence is required under the rules to make any given meeting constitutional
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requiescat in pace
let him rest in peace -- abbreviated R.I.P.
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rigor mortis
stiffness of death
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scientia ac labore
knowledge through hard work
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scientia ipsa potentia est
knowledge itself is power
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semper anticus
always forward
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semper fidelis
always faithful -- U.S. Marines motto
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semper fortis
always brave
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semper paratus
always prepared
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semper virilis
always virile
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si vales, valeo
when you are strong, I am strong
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si vis pacem, para bellum
if you want peace, prepare for war
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sic parvis magna
greatness from small beginnings -- motto of Sir Frances Drake
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sic semper tyrannis
thus always to tyrants -- attributed to Brutus at the time of Julius Caesar's assassination, and to John Wilkes Booth at the time of Abraham Lincoln's assassination; whether it was actually said at either of these events is disputed
-
sic vita est
thus is life -- the ancient version of "it is what it is"
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sola nobilitat virtus
virtue alone ennobles
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solvitur ambulando
it is solved by walking
-
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statim (stat)
immediately -- medical shorthand
-
status quo
the situation in which or current condition
-
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sum quod eris
I am what you will be -- a gravestone inscription to remind the reader of the inevitability of death
-
summa cum laude
with highest praise
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summum bonum
the supreme good
-
suum cuique
to each his own
-
tabula rasa
scraped tablet -- "blank slate"; John Locke used the term to describe the human mind at birth, before it had acquired any knowledge
-
tempora heroica
Heroic Age
-
tempus edax rerum
time, devourer of all things
-
tempus fugit
time flees -- commonly mistranslated "time flies"
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terra incognita
unknown land -- used on old maps to show unexplored areas
-
vae victis
woe to the conquered
-
vanitas vanitatum omnia vanitas
vanity of vanities; everything [is] vanity -- from the Bible (Ecclesiastes 1)
-
veni vidi vici
I came, I saw, I conquered -- famously said by Julius Caesar
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veritas et aequitas
truth and equity
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-
-
vice versa
to change or turn around
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vincit qui patitur
he conquers who endures
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vincit qui se vincit
he conquers who conquers himself
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vir prudens non contra ventum mingit
[a] wise man does not urinate [up] against the wind
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virile agitur
the manly thing is being done
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viriliter agite
act in a manly way
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viriliter agite estote fortes
quit ye like men, be strong
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virtus tentamine gaudet
strength rejoices in the challenge
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virtute et armis
by virtue and arms -- or "by manhood and weapons"; state motto of Mississippi
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vive memor leti
live remembering death
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vivere est vincere
to live is to conquer -- Captain John Smith's personal motto
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vivere militare est
to live is to fight
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vox populi
voice of the people
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