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Decibals
Unit used to measure the level of sound waves
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Timbre
The tone quality of an instrukent or voice
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Form
Musical plan or pattern
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Contrast
Having a different melody or rhythm
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Binary
Composition with two sections, A and B
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Ternary
Composition with three sections, ABA
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Sonata allegro form
- Three part composition
- A- exposition
- B- development
- A- recapitulation
- Sometimes coda
- musical essay!!
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Homophonic
One sound, with accompaniment
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Monophonic
One sound, no accompaniment
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Polyphonic
Two or more melodies of equql importance at same time
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Rock
- First develooed in the 1960's
- Relies on ampljfied electronic instr.
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Classical
- Origins in religious music
- European influenced
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Traditional
- The national popular music of any country
- Go back 100's of years
- Oral
- Passed from gen to gen
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Jazz
- Improv
- Based on time or popular song
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Fab five genres
- Pop
- Rock
- Classical
- Traditional
- Jazz
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Tempo: allegro
Moderately fast
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Syncopation
Temperary shifting of the rhythm accent from an accented beat to a normally unaccented beat
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Polyrhythm
The conflict of two or more rhythms within the same meter ex. Afrucan drum circle
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Pitch
Refers to the highness/lowness of a sound
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Melody
Sequence of musical sounds
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Contour
Shape of the melody
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Imitation
Repitition of a melody
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Variation
The melody is repeated but something has been changed
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Retrograde
Play the melody backwards
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Inversion
Play melody upside down
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Dimminusion
Smaller melody
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Augmentation
Make melody longer
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Tonality
Key or tonal center
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Modulation
When a key or tone center changes in the music
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Intervals
Distance between two pitches
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Folk
the music of a common people of a society or geographical area
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Ethnic
music that is characteristic of a particular culture or group of people
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Work songs
songs that accompany labor such as sea chanteys, sing to pass the time
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Occupational songs
songs about work
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Dance music
square dancing, i.e. skip to my lou
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Native american Music purpose
The music accompanies dance rituals and ceremonies
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Native American Instruments
Drums, rattles, flutes
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Native American Songs
Consist of two or more sections that are repeated, simple melodies
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Aerophones
Sound produced by air being the main vibration source
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Chordophones
Vibrating strings stretched between two points
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Idiophones
A wide variety of percussion instruments
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Membranophones
Drum type that uses a tightened stretched skin
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Percussion instrument info
Makes a sound when you hit shake or scrape, two types, pitched and unpitched
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string instruments info
sound is produced when a string vibrates by plucking or bowing it
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wind: woodwind and brass
Column of air inside an instrument vibrates
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Electric instruments info
electricity amplifies sound waves
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Keyboard instruments info
two types: vibrating string (piano) , vibrating column of air (organ)
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Woodwind instr.
picolo-flute, clarinet, bassoon, oboe, saxaphone
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string instr.
violin, viola, cello, double bass, harp
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Brass instr.
French horn, trumpet, trombone, tuba
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Percussion instr.
Timpani, bass drum, symbol, tambourine, triangle, snare drum, wood block, xylophone, castanets, gong, whip
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Violin
smallest of sting family, plays highest, play melody in orchestra
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Viola
Similar in looks to violin, a bit bigger, plays a lower range
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Cello
similar in shape to the violin and viola, much larger, is held between the knees, long pin supports on floor, lower then v and v
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