EMT #1

Termination of care without transfer of care to an equal or greater level of care.

• Four groups formed by the presence or absence of antigens know as A and B.
• Person A - Antigens A - Can have A or O
• Person B - Antigens B - Can have B or O
• Person AB - Antigens A & B - Can have A, B, AB, O
• Person O - No antigens - Can have O

High concentration of Hydrogen ions. pH below 7.35

Protection from infection or disease that is developed by the body after an exposure to an antigen or transfered to a person from outside sources (mother through the placent or a serum).

Movement of a substance through a cell membrane against the osmotic gradient. Requires energy.

ATP - high energy compound present in all cells.

agent that enhances the effects of other drugs

Law that is enacted by governmental agencies at either the federal or state level. Also called regulatory law.

Pertaining to the neurotransmitter norepinephrine

a document created to ensure that certain treatment choices are honoured when a pt is unconscious or otherwise unable to express his choice of treatment

Second stage of metabolism requiring oxygen where the breakdown of glucose yeilds energy

Force of attratction between a drug and a receptor.

The resistance a contraction of the heart must overcome in order to eject blood.

The drug that binds to a receptor and causes it to initiate the expected response

a drug that binds to a receptor and stimulates some of its effects while blocking others.

Aquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - group of signs, symptoms, and disorders that often develop as a result of HIV infection

Air in the vein

In blood, albumin works to maintain blood volume and pressure and provide colloid osmotic pressure which prevents plasma loss from the capillaries.

A low concentration of Hydrogen ions. pH above 7.45

an exhagerated immune response to an environmental antigen

Microscopic air sacs where gas exchange takes place

The constructive phase of metabolism in which living cells convert nonliving substances into living cytoplasm

The first stange in metabolism that does not require any oxygen. Gylcolysis.

The absence of the sensation of pain

Medication the relieves the sensation of pain

Life threatening allergic reaction, shock

Absence of all sensations

Medication that induces a loss of sensation to touch or pain

A drug used to treat high blood cholesterol

A drug that binds to a receptor but does not cause the expected response

A substacne produced by B lymphocytes in responce to a foreign antigen that will combind with and kill the invading antigen, thus preventing infection.

A drug that inhibits clotting

A drug that is used to prevent and treat abnormal cardiac rhythms

Medication used to prevent vommiting

The recognition, ingestion, and breakdown of a foreign antigen.

Markers on the surface of a cell that identifies it as self or non self

formed when an antibody binds to an antigen to deactivate it or destroy it

Cells such as macrophages that present portions of the antigens they have digested.

Medication that arrests the effects of histamine by blocking its receptors

A drug that is used to treat cancer

Medication that suppresses the stimulus to cought in the CNS

a type of bonding that occurs when an infant learns that his caregivers will not be responsive or helpful when needed

A type of bonding that occurs when an infant is uncertain about wether or not his care givers will be responsive when needed

Temporary stop in breathing

a response in which an inured cell releases enzymes that engulf and destroy itself.

Foreign material into the lungs

An act that unlawfully places a person in apprehension of immediate bodily harm without his consent

Test that determines the amount and purity of a given chemical in a lab

Alveolar collapse

Decrease in cell size resulting from a reduced workload

drug administered through the mucous membranes of the ear and ear canal

An immune response to self antigens

Groups of autonomic nerve cells outside the CNS

a competent adult patients right to determine what happens to his body

The type of WBC that in response to an antigen produce antibodies that will attack the antigen, they develop memory, and confer long term immunity

Injury caused by pressure within an enclosed space

Granular WBC that similairly to mast cells, releases histamine and other chemicals that control constriction and dilation of blood vessels during inflammation

Unlawful touching of another without individual consent

The principle of doing good for the patient

test to assertain a drugs availability within a biological model

The amount of a drug that is still active after it reaches its target tissue

relative theraputic effectivness of chemically equivalent drugs

Time it takes the body to clear 1/2 of a drug

Metabolism of drugs

Tight junctions of the capillary endothelial cells in the CNS vasculature through which only non-protein bound, highly soluble drugs can pass

Highly concentrated mass of medication

An action or inaction that violates the standard of care

Cheeks and Gums

Substance that tends to preserve or restore a normal acid base balance by increasing or decreasing the concentration of hydrogen ions

Measurment of exhaled CO2 concentrations

Strength of contraction

Amount of blood pumped in one minute SV x HR

Shock caused by insufficient CO. Inability of the heart to pump enough bloof to perfuse all parts of the body

a series of actions - typical of the actions by plasm protens in the complement, coagulation and kinin systems

Destructive phase of metabolism in which cells breakdown complex sumstances into simple ones with a release of energy

Epinephrine and Norepinephrine, hormones that strongly affect the nervous and cardioascular systems, metabolic rate, temperature and smooth muscle

Short term immunityprovided to an antigen by a T lymphocyte, which directly attack the antigen but do not form antibodies or memory

Chemicals that attract WBC to the site of inflammation, a process called chemotaxis

Pertaining to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine

An excess of intravascular fluid volume

Division of the legal system that deals with noncriminal issues and conflicts between two or more parties

the development of receptors for every type of antigen. B Lymphocyte work

Process by which a specific antigen reacts with its receptor on the surface on an immature B lymphocyte, therby activating proliferation and diversification

Clotting system from a protein called Fibrin. Fibrin forms a network that walls off infection and forms a clot that stops bleeding

IV solution containing large proteins that cannot pass through the capillary membrane

Early stage of shock during which the bodies compensatory mechanisms are able to maintain normal perfusion

One drug binds to the receptor and causes the expected effect while also blocking another drug from triggering the same receptor

Group of plasma proteins that are dormant in teh blood until activated. When activated they are involved in most afpects of the inflammatory response

the stiffness or flexibility of the lung tissue

Most abundant; provides support, connection, and insulation

steroid hormone released by the adrenal cortex that regulates the metabolism of fats, carbs, sodium, potassium, and proteins. Has inflammatory effects.

Pressure applied in a posterior direction to the anterior cricoid cartilage in order to occlude the esophagus

membrane between the cricoid and thyroid cartillages of the larynx

IV solution with electrolytes but lacks the larger proteins associated with a colloid

Proteins, produced by WBCs, that regulate immune responses by binding with and affecting the function of cells that produce them.

the cleaning up or removal of debris, dead cells, and scabs from a wound

Advanced stage of shock where the bodied mechanisms are no longer able to maintain perusions. Also called progressive shock

Intentional false communication that ruins a persons reputation

the emptying of granules from the inside of a mast cell into the extracellular environment

A while after exposure to an antigen. Less severe than immediate reactions.

Movement of WBCs out of the capillary through gaps that are created in the inflammaroty process

An agent that increases urine secretion and elimination of body water

Change in cell size, shape or appearance

Abnormal breathing rate, pattern or effort

Excess fluid in the interstital space

Drugs ability to cause the expected response

Toxins that are stored in the walls of bacteria that are released when the bacteria bies

Delivery of medication through the GI track

Granular WBCs that attack parasites and help control and limit the inflammatory response

The protective tissue that lines internal and external body tissues

Medication used to increase the productivity of a cough

common side effects of antipsychotic medications, inclusing muscle tremors.

A drug that acts of Thrombi to break it down

Cell that secretes collagen

Defect in the chest wall that allows it to move freely, causing paradoxical motion

measurment equal to approx 1/3 or a mm

Percentage of blood occupied by RBCs

elevated numbers of WBCs and RBCs

Acumulation of blood or fluid in the pleural cavity

Changes in a medications chemical composition that occurs in the liver

Substance released during degranulation of mast cells and basophils that through constriction and dilation of blood vessels will increase blood flow to the site of injury and also increase the ppermeability of vessel wall

Long term immunity to antigens by antibodies produced by B lymphocytes

Mechanism that increases respiratory stimulation in response to low oxygen levels

A competitive antagonist irreversibly binds to the receptor site

Slow reacting substances of anaphlyaxis - synthesized by mast cells during inflammatory response that cause vasodilation, vascular permeability, and chemotaxis

Startled newborn; arms wide, fingers spread, grabbing motion

Substance that will make mucous more watery

Shock resulting from brain or spinal cord injury that causes an interruption of nerve impulses

Patient remains conscious with decreased sensation of pain

reflex ilicited when a finger is placed in the palm of an infant

drug or other substance that blocks or inhibits the actions of the parasympathetic nervous system (anticholinergic)

drug or other substance that causes effects like those of the parasympathetic nervous sestem (cholinergic)

Outside the GI tract

how a drug interacts with the body to cause its effects

How a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted

Accumulation of air or gas in the pleural cavity

The interactions of the psychological, neurological, endocring, and immunological factors that contribute to alteration of the immune system as an outcome of a stress response that is not quickly resolved.

Drop in blood pressure of greater than 10 torr on inspiration

Rh positive and Rh negitive blood types are incompatible.

if cheek is touched by hand or cloth the infant will turn it head

Spread of toxins through the bloodstream

Blocks the actions of the SNS

mimics the actions of the SNS

Ration of lethal dose for 50% pop to the effective dose for 50% pop

Inflammation of the vein

Civil wrong committed by one person against another.