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The term higher brain centers refers to those areas of the brain involved in higher-order functions. These centers would probably include nuclei, centers, and cortical areas of:
- - the cerebrum
- - the cerebellum
- - the diencephalon
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Which of the following is the site of cerebrospinal fluid production?
choroid plexus
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The pons contain:
tracts that link the cerebellum with the brain stem
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The dural fold that divides the two cerebellar hemispheres is the:
falx cerebelli
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Cerebrospinal fluid is produced and secreted by:
ependymal cells
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The primary purpose of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is to:
isolate neural tissue in the CNS from the general circulation
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The centers in the pons that modify the activity of the respiratory rhythmicity centers in the medulla oblongata are the:
apneustic and pneumotaxic centers
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The final relay point for ascending sensory information that will be projected to the primary sensory cortex is the:
thalamus
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The establishment of emotional states is a function of the:
limbic system
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Coordination of learned movement patterns at the subconscious level is performed by:
the cerebellum
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What are the three important functions of the CSF?
1) cushioning delicate neural structures 2) supporting the brain; and 3) transporting nutrients, chemical messengers, and waste products
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Which three areas in the brain are not isolated from the general circulation by the blood-brain barrier?
1) portions of the hypothalamus where the capillary endothelium is extremely permeable; 2) capillaries in the pineal gland; and 3) capillaries at the choroid plexus
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Using the mnemonic device " Oh, Once One Takes The Anatomy Final, Very Good Vacations Are Heavenly" list the names of the 12 pairs of cranial nerves
N1: olfactory N2: optic N3: oculomotor N4: trochlear N5: trigeminal N6: abducens N7: facial N8: vestibulocochlear N9: glossopharyngeal N10: vagus N11: accessory N12: hypoglossal
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Why can the brain respond to stimuli with greater versatility than the spinal cord?
The brain can respond with greater versatiliy because it includes many more interneurons, pathways, and connections than the tracts of the spinal cord
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Briefly summarize the overall function of the cerebellum.
The cerebellum adjusts voluntary and involuntary motor activities based on sensory information and stored memories of previous experiences
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The only cranial nerves that are attached to the cerebrum are the ____ nerves.
olfactory
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If symptoms characteristic of Parkinson's disease appear, which part of the midbrain is inhibited from secreting a neurotransmitter? Which neurotransmitter is that?
In parkinsons disease, the sunstantia nigra is inhibited from secreting the neurotransmitter, dopamine, at the basal nuclei
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What varied roles does the hypothalamus play in the body?
- Roles of the hypothalamus include:
- - subconscious control of skeletal muscle contractions
- - control of autonomic functions
- - coordination of nervous and endocrine systems
- - secretion of hormones
- - production of emotions and drives
- - coordination of autonomic and voluntary functions
- - regulation of body temperature
- - control of circadian rhythms
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Stimulation of which part of the brain would produce sensations of hunger and thirst?
Stimulation of the feeding and thirst centers of the hypothalamus would produce sensations of hunger and thirst
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Damage to the vestibular nucleus would lead to:
difficulty in maintaining balance
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A cerebrovascular accident occurs when:
the blood supply to a portion of the brain is cut off
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