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Resting hand splint
- Wrist 10-20 ext
- MCP 30-45 flex
- IP 0-20 flex
- Thumb abd.
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Safe Position hand splint
- wrist 20-30 ext
- MCP 50-70 flex
- IP extension
- Thumb abd & extended
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Brachial Plexus Injury Splints
Flail arm splint
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Radial N. Palsy Splint
Radial N. Palsy Definition
dynamic wrist, finger, & thumb extension splint
- compression or "Saturday night palsy" sleep stress on n. or comp due to humeral shaft fx.
- "wrist drop"
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median n. injury splint
- opponens splint
- C-bar (maintain 1st web space and prevent contractures) or thumb post splint
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ulnar n. injury splint
dynamic/static splint to position MP's in flexion
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combined median ulnar splint
- figure-of-eight or
- dynamic MCP flexion splint
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Spinal cord (C6-C7) splint
tenodesis splint
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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Splint
Describe
wrist splint neutral
- numb, tingling, thumb, index, middle, and radial half ring
- paresthesias at night
- drop things
- Positive Tinel's at wrist
- Positive Phalen's sign (hold dorsum of hands together and press)
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Cubital tunnel syndrome splint
Describe
- Elbow splint @ 30 degrees flex
- especially at night
- 2nd most common comp. problem
- leaning on elbow in extreme flex.
- numb/tingling ulnar aspect forearm
- pain @ elbow with extreme flex.
- weak power grip
- positive tinel's sign at elbow
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DeQuervains Splint
Describe
- thumb spica splint includes wrist-IP's free
- Most common cumulative trauma disorder
- Stenosing tenosynovitis of the abductor pollicis longus & extensor pollicis brevis
- Pain & swelling over radial styliod
- Positive Finkelstein Test (tuck thumb in and compete ulnar deviation)
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Skier's thumb splint
Describe
- UCL hand based thumb splint
- Rupture of ulnar collateral ligaments of the MCP of the thumb
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CMC arthritis splint
hand based thumb splint
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Ulnar Drift Splint
Ulanr Drift splint
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Flexor tendon injury
dorsal protection splint
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Swan neck
Describe
- sliver rings or buttonhole splint
- hyperextension of PIP
- flexion DIP
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Boutonniere Splint
- silver rings or PIP extension splint
- flexion PIP
- hyperextension DIP
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Arthritis splints
- functional splints
- safe splint
- depends on stage
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Flaccidity
resting splint
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spasticity
- spasticity splint
- cone splint
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muscle weakness
ALS, SCI, Gullian Barre
- Balances forearm orthosis (BFO)
- deltoid sling
- suspension sling
- Mounts to W/C
- Must have shoulder or trunk movements
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Burns-Hand Splints
- Wrist 15-30 ext
- MCP 50-70 flex
- IP full extension
- Thumb abd. & extended
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Burns to volar surface of hand splint
- causes flex contractures
- Wrist 0-30 flex
- MCP neutral, slight extension & abd.
- IP full extension
- thumb abd. & extended
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Splint for Web space burn
c-splint
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Bobath Finger spreader
abduction splint
- inhibitory/tone normalizing
- fingers & thumbs abducted to decrease tone
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Rood Cone
- Roods inhibitory principle of sustained deep pressure
- cone-shaped splint used to decrease flexor spasticity in hand
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Orthokinetic splints
Utilizes tactile input (via elastic bandages) to facilitate or inhibit opposite muscle groups.
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Spasticity reduction splint
places spastic extremity on submaximal stretch to decrease spasticity
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Overhead suspension sling
- supportive orthosis
- arm support that is supported by sling ans suspended by overhead rod
- For ind. with proximal weakness (ALS, lateral sclerosis, Gullian Barre)
- Must have muscle grade 1/5 to 3/5
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Balanced forearm orthosis
mobile arm supports or ball-bearing forearm orthosis
- supportive orthosis
- consists of:
- 1) arm trough
- 2) proximal and distal arms
- 3) support braket
- Allows pt. with weak mus. to utlilize available control of trunk and shoulder to engage in fun. tasks.
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Shoulder slings
- supportive orthosis
- support flaccid arm after neuro insult for short, controlled period of time
- long-term use is detrimental leading to soft tissue contractures, edema, pain syndromes
- support may be utilized on W/C
- -position flaccid arm on lapboards, arm troughs, etc
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cock-up splints
- supports
- wrist 10-20 ext. to prevent contracture
- allows digits to function
- supports flaccid wrist
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When fabricating & checking for sites of pressure on a resting hand splint, need to check bony prominences of ________, _______, &________
- styloid process
- head or radius
- thumb CMC joints
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Purpose of burn hand splints
prevent stress on the tendons & ligaments, while decreasing edema secondary to avoidance of dependent positioning.
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T/F When making a splint for CTS, you should trim the lines distal to the MCP crease.
F-trim lines should extend proximal to the MCP crease to allow for full MCP extension & flexion
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T/F The most appropriate static splint to assist with maintenance of functional hand & finger position while keeping soft tissues of hand in mid-range is a resting pan splint.
T-
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T/F A bivalve cast is typically utilized when circumferential pressure of a body part is required to maintain a desired position.
Areas that typically benefit from this is digits, wrists, & knees
T
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T/FWrist cock-up splint impacts the position of the entire hand due to it's distal aspect terminating at DIP
F- the wrist-cock up does not impact the position of the entire hand as the distal aspect terminates at the MCP crease
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Carpal tunnel splint should have the wrist in ________ degrees of ________ & _________deviation
- 2 degrees flexion
- ulnar deviation
- neutral wrist splint
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when using an antispasticity splint, its most important to check that redness disappears after _______min of removing the splint
20min.
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Overhead suspension sling
- Used with ind. with proximal weakness (Gullian Barree, ALS)
- Muscle grades of 1/5 to 3/5.
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T/F For child with bilateral thumb-in-palm deformities, it is best to use a neoprene glove with thumb in opposition for functional hand use.
T
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Buddy strap
provides passive ROM to the affected digit.
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