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Rooting
- 28 wks
- 3 m
- stroke corner of mouth, upper lip, lower lip
- locating food source
-
suck swallow
- 28 wks
- 2-5 m
- finger in mouth with head mid-line
- strong rhythmical suck
- ingestion of nutrition
-
Traction
- 28 wks
- 2-5 m
- grasp infants hands and pull to sit
- complete flex of UE
- enhances momentary reflexive grasp
-
Moro
- 28 wks
- 4-6 m
- rapidly drop head backward
- 1st phase: arm ext/abd, hand opening
- 2nd phase: arm flexed /add
- ability to depart from dominant flexor posture, protective response
-
plantar grasp
- 28 wks
- 9 m
- press thumb on ball foot
- increases tactile input to sole foot
-
Galant
- 32 wks
- 2 m
- hold in prone suspension, gently scratch/tap alongside spine from shoulder to buttocks
- Lateral trunk flex & wrinkling skin on stimulated side
- lateral trunk movements necessary for trunk stabalization
-
Asymmetric Tonic Neck Reflex
- 37 wks
- 4-6 months
- rotate head and hold 5 sec.
- extension extremities on face side, flexion of extremities on skull side
- promotes visual hand regard
-
palmar grasp
- 37 wks
- 4-6 m
- finger in palm
- finger flex/reflexive grasp
- tactile input on palm
-
Tonic Labyrinthine
supine/prone
- greater than 37 wks
- 6 m
- place in supine-increase extension tone
- total body ext. tone
- Place in prone-increase flexor tone
- total body flexor tone
-
Labyrinthine/Optical Head Righting
- 0-2 m
- persists
- hold suspended vertically, tilt slow (45 degrees), side, forward, back
- upright position of head
- orients head in space; maintains face vertically
-
Landau
- 3-4 m
- 12-24 m
- hold in horizontal prone suspension
- complete extension head, trunk, extremities (superman)
- breaks up flexor dominance; facilitates prone extension
-
Symmetric Tonic Neck Reflex (STNR)
- 4-6 m
- 8-12 m
- place in crawling position & extend head
- flexion of hips & knees
- breaks up total extension posture; facilitates static quad position
-
Neck righting (NOB)
- 4-6 m
- 5 yrs
- place in supine and fully turn head to one side
- log roll of entire body to maintain alignment of head
- maintains head/body alignment; initiates rolling (1st ambulation effort)
-
Body righting on body (BOB)
- 4-6 m
- 5 yrs
- supine, flex one hip and knee toward chest and hold briefly
- segmental rolling of upper trunk to maintain alignment
- trunk/spinal rotation
-
Downward Parachute
protective extension downward
- 4m
- persists
- suspended vertically (prone) rapidly lower toward supporting surface
- extension of lower extremities
- allows accurate placement of lower ext. in anticipation of surface
-
Forward Parachute
protective extension forward
- 6-9 m
- persists
- suddenly tip forward toward surface while vertically suspended
- sudden ext. of UE, hand opening, & neck ext.
- accurate placement of UE in anticipation of supporting surface to prevent fall
-
Sideward Parachute
protective extension sideward
- 7 m
- persists
- while sitting, quickly but firmly tip infant off balance to the side
- arm ext. & abd. to the side
- protects body to prevent falls, supports body for unilateral use of opposite arm
-
Backward Parachute
protective extension backwards
- 9-10 m
- persists
- in sitting, quick but firm, tip of balance backward
- backward arm ext. or arm ext. to side
- prevents falls, unilaterally facilitates spinal rotation
-
Prone tilting
- 5m
- persists
- position in prone, slowly raise one side supporting surface
- curving of spine toward raised side, abd. & ext. arms and legs
-
supine tilt & sitting tilt
- 7-8 m
- persists
- slowly raise one side of supporting surface
- curving of spine toward raised side, abd. & ext arms and legs
- maintain equilibrium without arm support; postural adjustments in all positions
-
Quadraped tilting
- 9-12 m
- persists
- raise one side supporting surface
- curve spine toward raised side, abd. & ext. arms and legs
- maintain equilibrium without using arms; postural alignments all positions
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