Test 4 Ch21 Heart

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Mediastinum

area between the lungs where the heart is located
Pericardial sac
- fibrous pericardium
- surrounds heart
Parietal pericardium
- serous membranes
- lines pericardial sac
Vesceral pericardium
- Serous membrane
- covers the heart
Endocardium
- Inner lining of the heart wall
- Smooth: decreases friction
Myocardium
- cardiac muscle
- in heart wall
Epicardium
- covers myocardium
- same as visceral pericardium
Systemic circuit
- body circulatory system
- Heart-body-heart
Systemic circuit order

left ventricle - body - right atrium
Pulmonary circuit
- circulatory system of the lungs
- heart - lungs - heart
Pulmonary circuit order

right ventricle - lungs - left atrium
Right heart

from body to lungs
Left heart

from lungs to body
Atrium

upper chamber
Right atrium

receives blood from body
Left atrium

receives blood from lungs
Ventricle

lower chamber
Right ventricle

pumps blood to lungs
Left ventricle

pumps blood to body
arteries

carry blood out of heart
pulmonary trunk
- blood from heart,
- R ventricle to lung
Aorta
- blood from heart
- from L ventricle to body
Veins

carry blood in to heart
Superior vena cava
- blood into heart
- from upper body to R atrium
Inferior vena cava
- blood in to heart
- from lower body to R atrium
Pulmonary veins
- blood into heart
- from lungs to L atrium
Heart valves

prevent backflow
Atrioventricular valves
- prevent backflow from ventricle to atrium
- Tricuspid/Bicuspid(Mitral)
Tricuspid

atrioventricular valve with 3 flaps
Bicuspid
- aka Mitral
- atrioventricular valve with 2 flaps
Semilunar valves
- heart valve
- prevent backflow from arteries to ventricles
- Pulmonary/Aortic
Pulmonary heart valves
- Semilunar valves
- prevent backflow from arteries to ventricles
Aortic heart valves
- semilunar valves
- prevent backflow from arteries to ventricles
Heart sounds

closing of valves
1st heart sound

A-V(atrioventricular) valves closes
Ventricular systlole
- 1st heart sound
- forces blood against valves
- A-V valves close
2nd Heart sound

Semilunar valves close
Ventricular diastole
- 2nd heart sound
- gravity from blood in arteries
- Semilunar valves close
Pectinate muscles

atrium structure
Fossa ovalis

atrium structure
Chordae tendineae

Ventricle structure
Papillary muscles

ventricle structures
Trabeculae carneae

ventricle structure
Interventricular septum

internal
interatrial septum

internal
Coronary sulcus

external groove
Anterior interventricular sulcus

external groove
posterior interventricular sulcus

external groove
Apex

in the heart
fibrous skeleton

in the heart
Coronary arteries

branch from aorta
Anterior interventricular artery
- left coronary artery
- branch from the aorta
Circumflex artery
- left coronary artery
- branch from the aorta
Marginal artery
- right coronary artery
- branch from the aorta
Posterior interventricular artery
- right coronary artery
- branch from the aorta
Cardiac veins
- 4 veins
- great cardiac vein
- middle cardiac vein
- small cardiac vein
- posterior vein
Great cardiac vein
- cardiac vein
- coronary circulation
Middle cardiac vein
- Cardiac vein
- coronary circulation
Small cardiac vein
- cardiac vein
- coronary circulation
Posterior vein
- cardiac vein
- coronary circulation
Coronary sinus
- returns all blood to right atrium
- coronary circulation
Cardiac muscle tissue features
- involuntary
- striated sarcomeres
- short cells
- branched arrangement
- intercalated discs
intercalated discs
- connections between cells
- desmosomes/gap junctions
Functional syncytium

all cells contract simultaneously
Autorhythmic cells
- noncontractile cardiac cells
- depolorize without nerve stimulation
Conduction pathwaay
- S-A node
- internodal pathway
- A-V node
- A-V bundle (bundle of His)
- bundle branches
- Purkinje Fibers
innervation

supplying with nerves
Cardioaccelerator center
- S-ANS to S-A node and pathway
- speeds up heartrate and heart pumps
Cardioinhibitory center
- P-ANS to S-A node and A-V node
- slows down heart

Author

issacgoboom

227180

Card Set

Test 4 Ch21 Heart

Description

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Updated

2013-07-15T22:28:39Z

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