The flashcards below were created by user
TongaDroid
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
-
What is a research proposal?
A research proposal is a researcher’s plan of action, his/her mode of organizing and carrying out a study.
-
Before undertaking a research, a proposal must be?
Submitted and approved.
-
A research proposal indicates how?
- A research is to be organized, conducted, the rationale for carrying out study, the problem under investigation, a budget, time constraints
- and possible data sources.
-
A research proposal consists of (Chapter 1)?
Topic
Chapter 1
2.Background of Study
3.Problem Statement
4.Purpose of Study
5.Objectives of Study
6.Research Question
7.Scope of Study
8.Limitations
9.Significance
10.Definitions of key Terms
-
A research proposal consists (Chapter 2)of?
1.Detailed Literature Review
2.Statement of Hypothesis
-
A research proposal consists (Chapter 3)of?
1.Research Design
2.Target Population
3.Sample and Sampling Technique Procedure
4.Instruments Validity and Reliability
5.Research Procedure
6.Data Analysis
7.Ethical Considerations
-
A research proposal consists of (Appendices)?
1. Research Questionnaire
2.Time framework
3.Budget Framework
-
Problem Sources
1.Practical Problems
2.Noticeable gaps
3.Desire for innovation
-
A research a plan of action should consist of a clear and…….?
Concise methodology, schedule and a budget.
-
The purpose of a research proposal is?
1.Basis to solicit funding
2.Basis for convincing research approval committee
3.Guide to the researcher
4.Establish feasibility of a project
5.Generating ideas
-
The purpose of a research proposal as basis to solicit funding
It is a basis for research funding. Funders use the quality of the proposal to decide whether to fund it or not.
-
The purpose of a research proposal as basis for convincing research approval committee
The proposal should be quality, the problem relevant and should add to existing body of knowledge.
-
The purpose of a research proposal as guide to the researcher
Serves as a guide for the research process/effort, it gives direction to the researcher and forces him to think through procedures and potential obstacle.
-
The purpose of a research proposal to establish feasibility of a project
It helps the researcher to organize his effort, in terms of the amount of times and resources to commit to the project.
-
The purpose of a research proposal as a means of generating ideas
It helps refine a simple idea to a set of workable concepts within a theoretical/conceptual framework.
-
The writing style of a research proposal should be?
It should be limited in size (15 pages) yet detailed enough for the reviewer, but not too much to overwhelm a layman. It should be written clearly, simply, logically and coherent.
-
Contents of a proposal
It consists of chapters 1, 2, 3, an appendix, a budget, schedule, reference and other relevant information.
-
Background of Study
Gives the known to prepare for the unknown. The conceptual and contextual must be developed from the background.
-
Background of Study should coherently?
- Indicate the root of the problem, its reach,
- interrelationship among variables and their context.
-
Conceptual Background
Examines a topic on the basis of identified variables in a study
-
Contextual Background
Examines the topic in a given setting or context. E.g political, social
-
Problem Statement should be?
It should be clearly defined or stated. It focuses on the dependent variable and what is wrong with it.
-
Objectives of Study
These are target/objectives that must be realized through the study, and then gauged at the end for success.
-
Scope of Study/Delimitation
- The researcher must demarcate the study indicating focus areas in terms of variables, unit of analysis, geographical area and time
- frame. Variables must be clearly stated and chosen period indicated.
-
Significance
The researcher should make a sound argument, justifying the relevance, economic feasibility, viability, adding to the body of knowledge and the benefits of the study to immediate and distant societies.
-
Geographical Scope
Geographical location must be defined; sub-parish, county, town and district should be stated. Exact location should be stated with maps if possible.
-
What is the statement of a problem?
A problem statement is a clear description of the issue(s), it includes a vision, issue statement, and method used to solve the problem.
-
Detailed literature review (Chapter 2)deals with?
Review of relevant literature, relevant quotation and quoting system.
-
Statement of the hypothesis/Research question should?
Always correspond with the objectives. It can be substituted by a research question.
-
The methodology indicates?
How a study is going to be organized and conducted. It is future tensed.
-
Research Design is?
Specific research design pertinent to study, reflects objectives and problem.
-
Research Design can be experimental,………?
Non-experimental, qualitative or quantitative.
-
Measurement or (how to answer the hypothesis/research question) is imperative.
A detailed description of the mode of measuring variable. A researcher must clearly explain how to measure each variable or how to answer each research question.
-
Operationalising variables is the act?
Of giving clear definitions to variables, converting, quantifying and indicating how they will be measured.
-
In sampling design, population of interest should be?
Determined/identified and clearly defined.
-
Random sampling is best applied to what population makeup?
Definite populations
-
Non-random sampling is best applied to what population makeup?
Indefinite populations
-
An appropriate sampling method should reflect?
Type of study, and sound criteria should be justified.
-
A sample can be probabilistic or………?
Or not depending on the nature of the population or design.
-
Sample size is determined by?
Population size, time and cost constraints. The bigger the population is, the bigger the sample size.
-
The sampling criteria should be?
1.Respondents knowledge/intelligence
2.Willingness to participate
3.Key Informant
4.Position in Org
5.Experience level
6.Opinion leaders
7.Involvement in key issues
-
Appropriate tools/instruments should be because they?
Elicit proper facts from respondents
-
List common data collection tools
1.Interview
2.Questionnaire
3.Focus group discussion
4.Survey
5.Observation
6.Recording
7.Diary
8.Tests
9.Delphi technique
10.Brain-storming discussion
-
Validation of tools should be tested
- Validity and reliability of tools should be tested, to ensure valid and reliable data. It can be done through pre-tests and expert
- review.
-
Data choices
Anticipated data sources should be stated.
-
Categories of data sources?
1.Primary
2.Secondary
-
Primary data sources
Mainly from the field, live events
-
Secondary data sources
Collected from literature review, records on subject of study.
-
The variables for the study identified and?
Dependent, independent and extraneous variables are identified and stated in this section.
-
What are extraneous variable?
Independent variables not part of the study. *must be identified*
-
Why must extraneous variable controlled?
They are controlled to counter their effect on results.
-
How are extraneous variable controlled?
1.Randomising
2.Eliminating
3.Statistical adjustments
4.Holding constant
5.Balancing
-
Triangulation is a process of?
Is the using multiple baselines
-
Triangulation is aimed at?
Reducing bias and limiting errors.
-
Triangulation ensures?
1.Quality
2.Validity
3.Reliability
-
Triangulation can be in form of?
1.Multiple data sources *more than one person to collect, analyse and interpret findings*
2.Multiple perspectives to draw meaning from
3.Multiple method of data collection *interview, questionnaire*
-
What is data collecting procedure?
This is a detailed procedure/method of collecting and processing data.
-
What is unit analysis?
This is defining the unit of analysis as a way of delimitation of a study
-
Limitations of study
Stating of anticipated limitation or constraints and how they will be tackled.
-
Reference of literature review, lists?
1.Books
2.Magazines
3.Journals
4.Other sources
-
Appendix with budget of study is?
Of all activities to be undertaken is drawn and included.
-
An appendix with schedule of activities must?
Be included.
-
Every chapter must be on?
A new page
-
The first paragraph of each chapter is for?
Is for an introduction.
-
The chapter headings must be?
Centered.
-
Defending the dissertation: Vice Voce
This is a cross examination by a panel of experts of the research
-
Experts examine what, in defending the dissertation: Vice Voce?
1.Topic
2.Problem
3.Literature review
4.Methodology
5.Findings
6.Credibility
7.Logic
8. Originality
-
Defending the dissertation (Vice Voce) is the first step to?
Research approval
-
The vivre may examine?
1.Whether purpose of research is clear
- 2.Literature reviewed (for citations,
- benchmarking)
3.Details of how study is conducted (Methodology)
- 4.Whether hypothesis is well stated and properly derived from relevant literature review and conceptual and contextual
- background
5.Whether rationale of the study is sound
6.Whether research design is appropriate, explicit and justified.
|
|