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OB 510

  1. ________are the MC structural abnormalities seen in infants born alive.
    CHD
  2. Fetal heart scanning best performed at ____to____wks
    18-22
  3. Which standard views R/O 85% of cardiac anomalies?
    • Ab/Thoracic situs
    • 4ch
    • LVOT
    • RVOT
    • 3VV
  4. Fetal Circulation:
    umbilical vein --> liver --> bif PV & ductus venosus(joins IVC)

    IVC + deox blood from lower body --> RA --> foramen ovale --> LA(mix sm amt from PV) --> LV --> AO --> system --> internal iliacs --> placenta
  5. Define: septum primum
    small valve on LA side of septum preventing backflow of blood through foramen ovale
  6. Define: ductus arteriosus
    a blood vessel in a fetus that bypasses pulmonary circulation by connecting the pulmonary artery directly to the descending aorta
  7. Image Upload 2
  8. ductus arteriosus becomes 1-2 days after born?
    ligamentum arteriosum
  9. ductus venosus becomes
    umbilical vein becomes
    • ligamentum venosum
    • ligamentum teres (round ligament)
  10. Obtain a 4 chamber view by turning transducer ___________ to the spine.
    perpendicular
  11. To obtain LVOT tilt the Tx cephalad toward ____________.
    Rt shoulder
  12. RVOT tilt transducer cephalad and anterior from LVOT and rotate toward _________ shoulder.
    left
  13. What vessels arise from AO arch?
    What vessels arise from ductal arch?
    • Innominate, LCA, LSA
    • none
  14. What % of chest cavity does heart fill?
    1/3
  15. Small LV:
    • HLH
    • Coarctation AO
  16. Small RV:
    Atresia with/without VSD
  17. Large LV:
    • AO stenosis
    • AI
  18. Large RV:
    • Pulmonic valvular
    • Stenosis/regurg
    • septal defects
  19. Large RA
    • Ebsteins
    • TV stenosis/regurg
    • septal defects
  20. Large LA
    • MV stenosis/regurg
    • septal defects
  21. Pericardial fluid should not exceed:
    2mm & shouldn't surround entire heart
  22. 4 factors in Tetralogy of Fallot
    • VSD
    • RVH
    • PS (infundibulum)
    • overriding AO root (overrides IVS)
  23. What is the MC form of cyanotic heart disease in newborns?
    Tetralogy of Fallot
  24. Beckwith-Wiedemann (big&wide)
    • ASD
    • VSD
    • omphalocele, macroglossia, hypoglycemia
  25. Cornelia deLange
    • VSD
    • TOF
    • complex heart defects
  26. di George
    • AO arch
    • VSD
    • PDA
    • cellular immunodeficiency
  27. Ellis-van Creveld
    • ASD
    • polydactyly
  28. Noonan
    • PS
    • ASD
    • short webbed neck
  29. Williams
    • supravalvular stenosis
    • hypercalcemia
    • elfin face
  30. What is a "good" position to scan fetal heart?
    • spine posterior
    • no limb shadow
    • spine lateral

    • poor...spine anterior; arms snug to chest
    • approach from side of fetus
  31. What does the 3VV include?
    • SVC
    • AO
    • PA
  32. What is the MC cardiac anomaly?
    VSD
  33. Define: polyspenia syndrome
    Synonyms: Levoisomerism, cardio splenic syndrome, heterotaxy.

    Definition: Disorder characterized by complex congenital cardiac malformations, splenic dysgenesis, and a tendency toward symmetric development of normally asymmetric organs (isomerism). In polysplenia there is a tendency for bilateral left-sidedness.
  34. Asplenia is aka
    Ivemarks Syndrome
  35. Define: Asplenia
    • Bilateral Rightsidedness
    • 2 sets right sided organs so no spleen

    Associated with more severe cardiac anomalies (95%) than polysplenia
  36. HLH syndrome assoc with:
    • AO atresia
    • Mitral atresia
  37. Ebstein's assoc with:
    • ASD
    • TOF
    • Coarc AO
    • TOGV
  38. RV is ___________ to sternum
    LV is __________ and to __________ of RV
    posterior

    inferior & left
  39. LV & RV ratio in fetus?
    1:1
  40. LA lies ___________posterior than RA
    more
  41. Moderator band in ______
    RV
  42. Increased cardiac axis is assoc with the presence of underlying ________ _________.
    cardiac abnormality
  43. MC site for vsd?
    membranous septum
  44. An increased is/is not seen in a normal heart
    is not
  45. In regard to ventricular echogenic focus pathologic correlation has shown this to represent ________________ in the ______________ muscles.
    • calcification
    • pap
  46. A discrepancy in size of AO & PA may indicate :
    TOF
  47. RVOT may detect:
    • TOF
    • TOGV
    • truncus arteriosus
  48. If AO and PA are parallel it may indicate:
    TOGV or double outlet of RV
Author
lstaal1
ID
22681
Card Set
OB 510
Description
Fetal Echo
Updated

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