are soluble in organic solvents such as alcohol, ether, acetone and carbon tetrachloride
contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and sometimes N or P
yield fatty acids upon hydrolysis or combine with an alcohol to form an ester
take part in plant and animal metabolism
Simple lipids are
esters of fatty acids.
if a hydrolisis of a simple lipd yields a fatty acid and an alcohol glycerol, the lipid is called a
Fat
If a hydrolysis of a simple lipid yields a fatty acid and an alcohol other than glycerol the lipid is called a
wax
Both fats and waxes are regarded ___
esters
the legnth of fatty acids can range from __ to __ carbons
10- 22
formula to calculate number of H in a saturated fat
2N + 1
Fatty acids are organic acids because
they contain a carboxyl group
A triglyceride is made up of
3 fatty acids and glycerol
eicosenoids contain __ carbons and are derived ______ acid
20; arachidonic
Compound lipids are ___ glycerols that have ____ ____ attached to themselves in addition to fatty acids
acyl; other molecules
Two types of compound lipids are
phospholipds
glycolipids
When hydrolized a phospholipid yields
fatty acids
glycerol
a nitrogen compound
a phosphate containing compound
Phospholipids are ____ molecules with charge polar hydrophillic heads
amphipathic
Three types of phospholipids
choline phospholipids
amino phospholipids
sphingolipids
this phospholipd predominates throughout the exterior portion of the lipid bilayer and is associated with regulation of lipid exchange across the membrane
choline
Lecithins particpate in
lipid metabolism
this phospholipids are predominantly found in the plasma membrane occupying the interior portion of the lipid bilayer
amino
Choline phospholipids are also called
lecithins
amino phospholipids are also called
cephalins
Sphingolipids are lipids containing
an amino acid sphingosine instead of glycerol
Compound lipid that have alcohol and fatty acid instead of phosphate group. Are cerimides of glycerides with one or more saccharides attached
Glycolipids make up antigens that characterize
specific cell types as A, B, AB, or O red blood cells
The steroid nucleus is
cholesterol
all steroids in mammals synthesize into
squalene
The steroid nucleus cholesterol results from the ___ of the ___ ____ hyrdrocarbon ____
cyclization; linear C30; squalene
2 isoprenes made ____ and three _____ make squalene