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what are the 3 orders we have to know?
GCA
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gymnphiona- resemble ___ and ___
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amphibians evolved from ___
fish
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what is an example of a gymnophiona?
caecilian- blind and no legs
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what do caudata have that is different from anura?
tails!
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the juvenile form of an amphibian is a ___ breather
water
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the adult form of an amphibian is an ___ breather
air
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what does amphibios mean?
both forms of life
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there are no true sea water amph., why?
they would shrivel up in salt water
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what 4 things change with metamorphosis?
GETL
- gills turn to primative lungs
- eyelids dev.
- tail is lost w/ anura
- legs grow
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___ and ___ represent the majority of captive amphibians
frogs and toads
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frogs are found everywhere except ___ ___ and ___
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what 4 things make a frog a frog?
JTTM
- jumpers
- thin body
- teeth
- moist skin
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what is the avg LS of a pet?
4-15 y
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do they eat their shed?
yes
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amph. are rich in __ on their skin to keep it moist
glands
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all frogs secrete ___, these are realllly bad for dogs and cats.
the most prominent site of secretion is ___
- toxins
- the top of the head
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what are the glands called at the top of the head that secrete profuse toxins?
parotid glands
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the vivid colors on their skin serve as a ___ sign
warning
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___ exists to immitate poisonous spp.
mimicry
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what is skin brooding?
raising eggs in the skin
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amph. have a ___ and a ___, they do not shed the ___
- endoskeleton
- exoskeleton
- exo.
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the endoskeleton is fused in many places, and the hyoid bone is modified to allow ___ ___ ___ ___
ejection of the tongue
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all adults are ___ even though they possess a fleshy tongue
carnivores
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most amphibians can voluntarily prolapse their ___ to help prevent ___
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their diet as a tadpole/larvae is primarily ___
herbivore
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what 3 things make up a majority of their diet?
ICAF
- insects
- crustaceans
- annelids
- frogs
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what are the 4 methods of respiration?
BBCP
- branchial (gills)
- buccopharyngeal (air gulping)
- cutaneous
- pulmonic (lungs)
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which sex is more vocal?
males
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if a female is heard it is typically a __ call
distress
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do amph. have a bladder?
yes
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what types of amph excrete ammonia?
aquatic spp.
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what types of amph. excrete uric acid/urea?
terrestrial
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in a viviparous amph. the ___ may occur inside them
metamorphosis
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fertilization is ___ in only a few spp
internal
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what is the term used for the male clinging onto the female?
bear hug/amplexus
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amph. have a ___ chambered heart
3
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in the 3 ch. heart, ___ and ___ blood mix
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where should you look if you've let your amph. escape?
basement
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what is a good substrate for amph?
soil, holds moisture
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what is important to remember about the water with an aquatic spp?
it should set for 24 hours, be stale
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what is a common dz of frogs?
red leg
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what bact. causes red leg?
AP
- aeromonas hydrophyla
- pseudomonas
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what should be added to the water to tx red leg?
chloromycetin
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what 3 things can cause red leg?
HTT
- poor husbandry
- toxins
- trauma
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what fungus causes a disappearance of some frogs?
chydrid fung.
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what are the 5 CS of chydrid fungus?
LDDID
- lethargy
- dragging legs
- death
- inc. shedding
- pale
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what are the 2 GI zoonotic disorders?
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what is the one nervous zoonotic disorder?
yersinia?
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what shouldnt you use on their skin?
alcohol
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what is the best blood draw location?
ventral abdominal vein
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